Eco-friendly larvicide of Amphora coffeaeformis and Scenedesmus obliquus microalgae extracts against Culex pipiens

Author(s):  
Marwa E. Hassan ◽  
Samia M. M. Mohafrash ◽  
Sahar A. Fallatah ◽  
Abo El-Khair B. El-Sayed ◽  
Abdel-Tawab H Mossa
Author(s):  
Brendan Clifford

An ultrastructural investigation of the Malpighian tubules of the fourth instar larva of Culex pipiens was undertaken as part of a continuing study of the fine structure of transport epithelia.Each of the five Malpighian tubules was found to be morphologically identical and regionally undifferentiated. Two distinct cell types, the primary and stellate, were found intermingled along the length of each tubule. The ultrastructure of the stellate cell was previously described in the Malpighian tubule of the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala by Berridge and Oschman.The basal plasma membrane of the primary cell is extremely irregular, giving rise to a complex interconnecting network of basal channels. The compartments of cytoplasm entrapped within this system of basal infoldings contain mitochondria, free ribosomes, and small amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria are distinctive in that the cristae run parallel to the long axis of the organelle.


Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Abdelgaleil ◽  
T Suganuma ◽  
K Kitahara ◽  
M Fujii
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Fedor I. Vasilevich ◽  
Anna M. Nikanorova

The purpose of the research is development of preventive measures against zooanthroponoze vector-borne diseases spread by parasitic arthropods in the Kaluga Region. Materials and methods. The subject of the research was Ixodidae, mosquitoes, and small mammals inhabiting the Kaluga Region. The census of parasitic arthropods was carried out on the territory of all districts of the Kaluga Region and the city of Kaluga. Open natural habitat and human settlements were investigated. Weather conditions from 2013 to 2018 were also taken into account. For the purposes of the study, we used standard methods for capturing and counting arthropods and mouse-like rodents. In order to obtain mathematical models of small mammal populations, a full factorial experiment was conducted using the collected statistical data. In-process testing of the drug based on s-fenvalerate and piperonyl butoxide were carried out under the conditions of the agricultural collective farm “Niva” of the Kozelsky District, the Kaluga Region, and LLC “Angus Center of Genetics” of the Babyninsky District, the Kaluga Region. Results and discussion. In the Kaluga Region, two species of ixodic ticks are found, namely, Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus, which have two activity peaks. Mosquito may have 3-4 generations in a year in the Kaluga region. The most common mosquito species in the Kaluga Region are Aedes communis, Ae. (Och.) togoi and Ae. (Och.) diantaeus, Culex pipiens Culex Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera, Culicidae) (Culex pipiens): Cx. pipiens f. pipiens L. (non-autogenic form) and Cx. p. f. molestus Fors. (autogenic form), which interbreed, and reproductively isolated in the Region. The developed mathematical models make it possible to quantify the risks of outbreaks of zooanthroponoze vector-borne diseases without the cost of field research, and allow for rational, timely and effective preventive measures. Medications based on s-fenvalerate and piperonyl butoxide and based on cyfluthrin showed high insecto-acaricidal efficacy and safety.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
María Cecilia Tranchida

Aedes aegypti y Culex pipiens se encuentran entre las principales especies de mosquitos vectores de enfermedades a nivel mundial. Ambas, son de gran importancia sanitaria en la Argentina. Aedes aegypti, es el principal vector del dengue y la fiebre amarilla. Está presente en la Argentina desde 1983, cuando fue confirmada su reemergencia en nuestro país. A partir de entonces comenzaron a detectarse casos de dengue hasta que el último brote de esta enfermedad en 2009 produjo 24.720 casos autóctonos confirmados por la OPS a nivel nacional. Culex pipiens es vector de algunas filariasis, y de importantes arbovirosis como la ocasionada por el virus del Nilo Occidental. La actividad vectorial de este mosquito se ve incrementada en zonas donde la densidad de zanjas de desagüe domiciliario es elevada, ya que este tipo de ambiente constituye un lugar propicio para su desarrollo. De su importancia sanitaria nace la necesidad de controlar su actividad vectorial, manteniendo las poblaciones en bajas densidades. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar estrategias para el control de A. aegypti y C. pipiens, basadas en métodos biológicos, eficaces, permanentes y seguros para el ambiente, mediante el empleo de enemigos naturales presentes en las poblaciones de ambas especies. En este trabajo, fueron evaluados copépodos, turbelarios y peces como depredadores; y bacterias entomopatógenas (α-protobacterias y bacterias esporulantes). El estudio de los copépodos, tuvo como objetivo identificar a la comunidad de copépodos larvívoros que se desarrolla en los criaderos de mosquitos, ubicados en los alrededores de la ciudad de La Plata, para identificar nuevas especies capaces de depredar mosquitos que habitan recipientes artificiales (A. aegypti y C. pipiens). La diversidad de copépodos larvívoros fue mayor en los cuerpos de agua permanentes. Acanthocyclops robustus, Diacyclops uruguayensis, Macrocyclops albidus y Mesocyclops longisetus fueron seleccionados por su capacidad depredadora. En el laboratorio fueron evaluadas: la capacidad de depredación de ambos sexos y diferentes estadios, preferencia de especie presa, y la tasa de depredación diaria. Las hembras de estas especies de copépodos presentaron mayor capacidad depredadora. No se detectó preferencia de los copépodos hacia ninguna de las especies de mosquitos. También se evaluó la tolerancia a la desecación y la capacidad de vivir en el agua que se acumula en los recipientes artificiales. Diacyclops uruguayensis y A. robustus sobrevivieron en las condiciones de sequía ensayadas en este estudio, pero D. uruguayensis mostró una menor supervivencia en el agua de recipientes artificiales. Macrocyclops albidus no sobrevivió en condiciones de sequía ni toleró el agua extraída de los recipientes artificiales. La supervivencia de M. longisetus ante estas condiciones, fue reducida. Se concluyó que las especies D. uruguayensis y A. robustus podrían ser buenos candidatos para el control de especies de mosquitos que crían en recipientes artificiales.


2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-701
Author(s):  
Jian-Min MA ◽  
Lin-Lin CAI ◽  
Ling-Wei HU ◽  
Tong-Xia JIN ◽  
Xiao-Yu LI ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hong Lee ◽  
Rohan Karawita ◽  
Abu Affan ◽  
Joon-Baek Lee ◽  
Bae-Jin Lee ◽  
...  

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shaban ◽  
G. E. El-Taweel ◽  
G. H. Ali

In the present study, the effect of UV radiation on the inactivation of a range of microorganisms was studied. Each organism was seeded into sterile tap water and exposed to UV in batch experiments with changing turbidities. In addition, the effect of UV on microbial communities in river Nile water was examined. It was found that 1min contact time (0.5L/min flow rate) was effective against vegetative cells levels almost reaching zero (except with Staphylococcus aureus). On the other hand, spore-forming bacteria, Candida albicans and coliphage were more resistant to UV. This contact time caused coenobia cells in single form with Scenedesmus obliquus while for Microcystis aeruginosa colonies broke into smaller groups. Exposure of Nile water microbial communities to UV showed that yeasts and Aeromonas survived better than the other organisms while in the phytoplankton partial fragmentation occurred in some algal groups. The protective effect of turbidity differed between organisms, with increased contact time under conditions of stable turbidity having no effect on the organisms. At 20 NTU the UV radiation had no effect on the morphological characters of algal cells. In reactivation experiments, it is clear that photoreactivation, and not dark repair, takes place with bacterial cells. Only coliphage had no photoreactivation and dark repair responses although with coliphage and host, both reactivation processes worked well. Moreover, the irradiated algae regained their normal shape after 3 days in suitable media and enough light.


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