scholarly journals A Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling Factor Analysis of the UCLA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for DSM-5 in a Polyvictimized Sample of Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crosby A. Modrowski ◽  
Ascher K. Munion ◽  
Patricia K. Kerig ◽  
Robyn E. Kilshaw
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Reaction Index ◽  
Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling

Using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) to Examine the Internal Structure of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Fresno ◽  
Víctor Arias ◽  
Daniel Núñez ◽  
Rosario Spencer ◽  
Nadia Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Fit Indexes

Abstract Several studies have reported the factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results show models with different number of factors, high correlations between factors, and symptoms that belong to different factors in different models without affecting the fit index. These elements could suppose the existence of considerable item cross-loading, the overlap of different factors or even the presence of a general factor that explains the items common source of variance. The aim is to provide new evidence regarding the factor structure of PTSD using CFA and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). In a sample of 1,372 undergraduate students, we tested six different models using CFA and two models using ESEM and ESEM bifactor analysis. Trauma event and past-month PTSD symptoms were assessed with Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC–5) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL–5). All six tested CFA models showed good fit indexes (RMSEA = .051–.056, CFI = .969–.977, TLI = .965–.970), with high correlations between factors (M = .77, SD = .09 to M = .80, SD = .09). The ESEM models showed good fit indexes (RMSEA = .027–.036, CFI = .991–.996, TLI = .985–.992). These models confirmed the presence of cross-loadings on several items as well as loads on a general factor that explained 76.3% of the common variance. The results showed that most of the items do not meet the assumption of dimensional exclusivity, showing the need to expand the analysis strategies to study the symptomatic organization of PTSD.

Interpersonal Style and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Female Victims of Dating Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-535
Author(s):  
Nicola K. Bernard ◽  
Matthew M. Yalch ◽  
Brittany K. Lannert ◽  
Alytia A. Levendosky
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Interpersonal Style ◽  
Female Victims

Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are some of the most common mental health symptoms women experience following exposure to dating violence (DV). However, not all women who experience DV exhibit PTSD symptoms. One factor that may influence whether or not women exhibit PTSD symptoms in the aftermath of DV exposure is interpersonal style, often operationalized in terms of two orthogonal dimensions, warmth and dominance. In this study, we examined the main and moderating effects of warmth and dominance on the association between DV and PTSD symptoms using latent moderating structural equation modeling in a sample of 303 female college students who reported DV exposure in the past year. Results indicated that warmth exerted a main effect predicting fewer PTSD symptoms. In addition, dominance moderated the association between DV and PTSD symptoms such that at high levels of DV, women who were high on dominance reported fewer PTSD symptoms than did women who were low on dominance. These findings suggest that aspects of interpersonal style may promote resilience to symptoms of posttraumatic stress following DV exposure. Directions for future research are also discussed.

Posttraumatic Stress and Youth Violence Perpetration: a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aebi ◽  
M. Mohler-Kuo ◽  
S. Barra ◽  
U. Schnyder ◽  
T. Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Reaction Index

AbstractBackgroundExposure to trauma was found to increase later violent behaviours in youth but the underlying psychopathological mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to test whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related to violent behaviours and whether PTSD symptoms mediate the relationship between the number of trauma experiences and violent behaviours in adolescents.MethodThe present study is based on a nationally representative sample of 9th grade students with 3434 boys (mean age = 15.5 years) and 3194 girls (mean age = 15.5 years) in Switzerland. Lifetime exposure to traumatic events and current PTSD were assessed by the use of the University of California at Los Angeles Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (UCLA-RI). Logistic regression was used to assess associations between PTSD and violent behaviours, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the meditation effects of PTSD.ResultsPTSD (boys: OR = 7.9; girls: OR = 5.5) was strongly related to violent behaviours. PTSD symptoms partially mediated the association between trauma exposure and violent behaviours in boys but not in girls. PTSD symptoms of dysphoric arousal were positively related to violent behaviours in both genders. Anxious arousal symptoms were negatively related to violent behaviours in boys but not in girls.ConclusionsIn addition to trauma, posttraumatic stress is related to violent outcomes. However, specific symptom clusters of PTSD seem differently related to violent behaviours and they do not fully explain a trauma-violence link. Specific interventions to improve emotion regulation skills may be useful particularly in boys with elevated PTSD dysphoric arousal in order to break up the cycle of violence.

Examining the Link Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Dating Aggression Perpetration

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey T. Taft ◽  
Jeremiah Schumm ◽  
Robert J. Orazem ◽  
Laura Meis ◽  
Lavinia A. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Dating Aggression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

This study examined the role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms with respect to dating aggression perpetration among a sample of 199 undergraduates. Almost one-third of the overall sample reported physical dating aggression perpetration in the past year, and approximately 80% reported engaging in psychological dating aggression. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated that the effects of trauma exposure on dating aggression were fully indirect via PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptoms were associated with psychological dating aggression in part through its association with anger, and alcohol problems were also directly related to this outcome. Results generalize findings from other populations suggesting the salience of trauma and PTSD symptoms in intimate relationship aggression and point to possible etiological pathways for these associations.

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