Occupational Status and Health Insurance Among Immigrants: Effects by Generation, Length of Residence in U.S., and Race

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis T. Kao ◽  
Julie Park ◽  
SeongHee Min ◽  
Dowell Myers
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Length Of Residence ◽  
Generation Length

Barriers for compliance to breast, colorectal, and cervical screening cancer test among Hispanics patients.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12544-e12544
Author(s):  
Yelitza Ruiz ◽  
Elba Betancourt ◽  
Christine Miranda ◽  
Robert F. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests

e12544 Background: Hispanics are less likely to undergo colorectal cancer and cervical cancer screening tests than non-Hispanic population. We address the barriers for compliance in a Hispanic community. Methods: A descriptive study was performed with 194 patients between 21 to 85 y/o, while they attended routine medical encounters at a private and a government sponsored clinics. Compliance and barriers for non compliance for mammography (MAMMO), occult blood testing (FOBT), colonoscopy (COLO) and cervical smears (Pap) were studied. Univariate and bivariate tests were used. Results: Females (62.9%) had a mean age of 53.4 ±15.0; had a high school diploma or higher degree (80.5%), unemployed (52.15), had private health insurance (68.0%), and practiced routine medical checkups (79.9%). Gender differences for patients undergoing FOBT and COLO were found only in patients older than 50 y/o. Females were more likely than males to undergo COLO (62.3% vs. 42.2%; p<0.05) whereas males are more likely than females to had a FOBT (66.7% vs. 56.5%; p>0.05). Differences between employed and unemployed patients undergoing FOBT were seen (48.4% vs. 65.1%; p=0.105) and COLO (38.7% vs. 60.2%; p=0.040). Seventy four percent of women between 40 to 65 y/o had a Pap and 85% had a MAMMO. Predominant reasons for avoiding MAMMO and Pap were fear (20%; p<0.05 and 6%; p>0.05), uncomfortable sensation (13%; p<0.05 and 19%; p<0.05), lack of time (67%; p<0.0001 and 56%; p<0.0001). Reasons for avoiding FOBT and COLO were not recommended by physician (42%; p<0.05 and 52%; p>0.05) and lack of knowledge (16%; p<0.05 and 17%; p<0.05). Conclusions: Occupational status in women (p<0.05) was found as a barrier for compliance with screening MAMMO, while it was also a barrier for COLO in both men and female over the age of 50. (p<0.05) Educational level in men and women was not associated with non compliance with FOBT or COLO in patients older than 50 y/o. Having a private health insurance is a predictor of compliance with MAMMO (71.3%), FOBT (78.3%), COLO (80.6%), and Pap (68.6%). Several physician and patient related factors were identified as barriers for compliance. Study was supported by NIH grant #'s 8U54MD007587 & 8G12MD007583.

Changing Origins of Inequalities in Access to Health Care Services in Turkey: From Occupational Status to Income

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health

AbstractHealth care reforms have always been critical political arenas within which the parameters of citizens' access to health care services and thus the new terms of social bargain that backs social policies are negotiated. Despite the relative success of Turkey in establishing public health insurance schemes and developing a public capacity for health care service delivery since the late 1940s, Turkey's health care system has largely failed to institute equality of access to health care services. With the promise of abolishing the inequalities, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) launched Turkey's Health Transformation Program in 2003. Since then, Turkey's health care system has been undergoing a significant transformation. On the one hand, with the unification of all public health insurance schemes under a compulsory universal health insurance scheme and the equalization of benefit packages for all publicly insured, the program has succeeded in abolishing the occupational status-based inequalities in access to health care services. On the other, this article suggests that the program has changed the main origin of inequalities in service access from occupational status to income. As the country suffers from an uneven distribution of income, it is argued that these incomebased inequalities in access pose a significant threat to the realization of the social citizenship ideal in Turkey.

scholarly journals Predicting The Occupational Choices Of Foreign-Born And Second-Generation Canadians: Evidence From Census Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najma R. Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Length Of Residence ◽  
Occupational Choices ◽  
Data Files ◽  
Using Data

In this paper, we study the occupational mobility of immigrants and the intergenerational transfer of their occupational status in Canada. The former is done by predicting their occupational choices and examining shifts in those choices as the length of residence in Canada increases, while the latter is studied by comparing the choices of immigrants with those of second-generation Canadians. Of special interest is the role that gender plays in this regard. We use the Schmidt-Strauss (1975) multinomial logit model to explain occupational choice in terms of human capital & other characteristics with additional controls for immigration status, and the length of residence in Canada. This model is estimated using data from the public-use micro-data files from the 2001 Canadian Censuses, and then used in a simulation context to predict the occupational profiles of all native-born, foreign-born and second-generation Canadian men and women in the aggregate, and also of various cohorts of immigrants.

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