A statistical evaluation of the liquid effluent release from NPP based on analytical methods with low detection limits

Author(s):  
Yan-Jun Huang ◽  
Fan Zeng ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Lian-Sheng Wu ◽  
Zhi-Hong Shang-Guan ◽  
...  
1987 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2571-2615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Cavenaghi ◽  
Gian Gualberto Gallo ◽  
Gian Marco Leali ◽  
Silvano Vianello

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1408-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P Gosling

Abstract Immunoassays are now very widely used in the clinical laboratory, either because no other type of assay system is feasible or because they are often the most effective and suitable of the possible analytical methods. The last decade has seen the development and refinement of many new immunoassay reagents and systems. The major trend has been away from liquid-phase assays involving radioisotopic labels, towards fast homogeneous or solid-phase assays capable of operation anywhere; and towards precise and reliable nonisotopic, automated or semi-automated laboratory assays, often with detection limits measured in pico- or attomoles. The use of monoclonal antibodies is now widespread, and the methodologies of labels and of solid-phase components are much more sophisticated. New assay formulations, novel homogeneous systems, immunosensors, free-analyte assays, the importance of thorough validation and of interfering substances, and future trends are discussed.


2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. von Eynatten ◽  
C. Barcelo-Vidal ◽  
V. Pawlowsky-Glahn

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-534
Author(s):  
James T Tanner

Abstract With each passing decade new problems arise for the regulatory analytical chemist. The push for low detection limits from percent to parts per million to parts per billion brought the need for new and improved analytical instrumentation followed by questions of reliability at such low values. Each question has been met by new instruments or techniques and critical studies. The question for the 1980s is not how to achieve low detection limits but how to reliably and rapidly perform analyses at low values. During the 1960s the emphasis was on the single component/element techniques. We seem now to be entering the computer-controlled era. In each analytical specialty, computer-controlled instruments are offered which greatly aid the analyst in producing an accurate, reliable analysis in a shorter time. The advantage of larger numbers of analyses per unit of time with, in some cases, reduced personnel are not to be overlooked in this age of economy. To the AOAC collaborative study this means a reduction in the number of laboratories who can participate. It also means greater standardization of methodology, and the chemist’s laboratory ability becomes less of a factor in producing reliable analyses. Specific analytical examples are discussed to illustrate the trend for the 1980s.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (13) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schor

Author(s):  
Gianluigi Botton ◽  
Gilles L'espérance

As interest for parallel EELS spectrum imaging grows in laboratories equipped with commercial spectrometers, different approaches were used in recent years by a few research groups in the development of the technique of spectrum imaging as reported in the literature. Either by controlling, with a personal computer both the microsope and the spectrometer or using more powerful workstations interfaced to conventional multichannel analysers with commercially available programs to control the microscope and the spectrometer, spectrum images can now be obtained. Work on the limits of the technique, in terms of the quantitative performance was reported, however, by the present author where a systematic study of artifacts detection limits, statistical errors as a function of desired spatial resolution and range of chemical elements to be studied in a map was carried out The aim of the present paper is to show an application of quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging where statistical analysis is performed at each pixel and interpretation is carried out using criteria established from the statistical analysis and variations in composition are analyzed with the help of information retreived from t/γ maps so that artifacts are avoided.


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