Analysis of the Wear Process of the Elements in the Braking System of Heavy Trucks

Today's commercial vehicles work in a very competitive environment, in an extremely active economic market and the requirements for the delivered performance make it imperative to study in detail each component element. In practice, all these aspects are found in the process of wearing the elements of different systems. Moreover, major changes are expected for the near future of motor vehicles in order to improve the ecological balance both by reducing the pollutant emissions of the propellants and by improving the percentage of recyclability and reduction of waste from maintenance (liquids and solutions such as oils, antifreeze or solutions with different detergents). In order to identify solutions to improve the mentioned problems, the current study analyses the types of wear identified in the elements of the braking system of commercial vehicles and their main factors of influence. The study is based on data obtained during analysis during operation for a number of trucks with different configurations.

Theoretical and methodological foundations of literary-artistic and linguistic education as a system

The article reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of literary-artistic and linguistic education as a system. Several definitions of key concepts are analyzed: "system", "literary-artistic education", "language education". The system status of literary-artistic and linguistic education required highlighting its component element: teleological (ELA ideal/goal, ELA goal system, ELA standards), technological (operational block – learning activities and opportunities) and epistemological (theories, concepts, principles, ideas, precepts).

Construction Program of the First and the Second Five-Year Plans in Timber Industry of the USSR: Experience in the Study

Timber industry was a very meaningful component element of the «social industrialization» project in the Soviet Union of the late 1920s and the early 1940s. The national economy and the population of the country were in urgent need of products provided by the industry; timber resources and materials generated much revenue from their export. The main directions and parameters of the forest-timber complex were the subject of the first soviet five-year plans. They included establishing timber-industry centers in the European North, Ural, Siberia and the Far East. The plans also contained the itemized lists of the main construction sites made by the Supreme Council of National Economy of the USSR (for the First Five-Year plan), as well as by the Peoples Commissariat of Timber Industry of the USSR (for the Second Five-Year Plan). The present paper introduces for the first time the analysis of timber industry construction program: investments, dynamics of quantity and value of new construction sites, plan target timelines and completion dates of the construction sites. The analysis was based on the materials of the first and the second five-year plans, in reference to timber industry components and regions of the Soviet Union. The study identified the main investment priorities in regional levels, such as sawmilling and wood processing industries as well as pulp and paper industry. The article also contains conclusions about underperformance of some projects and readjustment of tasks for the Soviet timber industry in 1933-1934 (after failure of the First-Year Plan), while remaining the baselines of the industry.

6.2. DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGION BASED ON ASSESSMENT OF ITS INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVE­NESS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY)

В данной статье разработана, представлена и апробирована методика оценки социально-экономического развития региона с учетом оценки его инвестиционной привлекательности. Автором разработан и представлен концептуальный, теоретический подход к трактовке понятия «социально-экономическое развитие региона», составным элементом которого является инвестиционная привлекательность региона. На основе разработанного теоретического подхода сформирован и представлен практический подход к оценке социально-экономического развития региона на базе системного подхода с использованием сформированного набора показателей, составляющих агрегированный показатель социально-экономического развития региона. In this article, a methodology for assessing the socio-economic development of the region is developed, presented and tested, taking into account the assessment of its investment attractiveness. Author has developed and presented a conceptual, theoretical approach to interpretation of concept "socio-economic development of the region", where investment attractiveness of region is a component element of this concept. Based on the developed theoretical approach, a practical approach to assessing socio-economic development of region is formed and presented on the basis of systematic approach using a set of indicators that make up an aggregate indicator of socio-economic development of region.

MILITARY AND THEATRICAL TRIUMPHS IN RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA OF THE BEGINNING OF THE 18TH CENTURY

The article analyzes the publicistic function of the state triumphs in Russian culture. In Peter the First’s epoch those public spectacles were actively used to formalize the new Imperial ideology. Their component element was panegyric dramas, which were prepared in religious schools. In those panegyric dramas Peter the First was compared to ancient heroes, and Russia was glorified as a new type of state (empire).

STUDIES OF JOINT WORK OF GENETIC ALGORITHM AND COORDINATE SEARCH ALGORITHM TO OPTIMIZE TEMPERATURE OF HEATED INDOOR AREAS

The article is focused on studying optimization algorithms that are relevant both for solving applied problems and for studying the artificial intelligence in general. Optimization methods are used to solve environmental problems including the issues of energy saving. It is important to solve problems of optimizing the thermo-hydraulic modes of buildings (as a part of the “Smart City” project), in particular, problems of eliminating temperature imbalance in terms of saving thermal energy and improving the microclimate in apartments. There is shown a mathematical formulation of the problem of optimizing the temperature modes of the indoor areas using adjustable devices. A hybrid algorithm applied to solve the problem has been described. The considered algorithm combines two optimization methods: a coordinate search method and a genetic algorithm. Thus, the stochastic component (element of the genetic algorithm) and the gradient component (element of the coordinate search method) are used in the hybrid algorithm. A description of the above algorithms is given including the mathematical apparatus used and the design formulas. The results of the numerical experiment for the suggested algorithm are presented. These results are compared with the results of applying the genetic algorithm and the method of coordinates search separately. There has been confirmed the hypothesis that in order to increase the efficiency of solving the considered class of problems, it is necessary to combine the genetic algorithm and gradient methods. At the same time, it has been inferred that in cases of low thermal power of radiators, optimization of the hydraulic resistance of valves is not sufficient, thermal insulation measures and replacement of radiators are also required. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of solving the problem of saving thermal energy in the housing and communal services system.

Characters in Fatos Kongoli Novel

The greater philosopher,Aristotle,dealing with the characters would have said that “due to the fact that they imitate, they imitate acting people, and these people will, of course, be good or evil because characters almost always follow these two peculiarities and it is known that the difference of the character of all the people is done by the good or the evil”. Even though in the novels of our author, Fatos Kongoli, no such traditional line is followed, such distinction is perceptible in every literature and at any time, and of course, in the novels, we are analyzing. Literary scholar Anton Berisha says that "literary character is an important component element, especially of epic creations, may they be prose or poetry”. Berisha also adds that "they are known extremely successful realizations of the characters in the traditional novel, but also in contemporary and generally modern characters, are noteworthy, but also we do not miss the lyrical characters through which the subjective world is introduced. Key words: Novel, Characters, Fatos Kongoli, Kosovo

Tacit knowledge as a gift: sociology of the managerial culture in old China

The interpretation of the concept of «knowledge» in spiritual culture of old China has been considered. The main ways of its acquirement and use in society has been identified. The nature of tacit knowledge and one of the available ways of its transfer as a gift have been analyzed. For this purpose, specifics of a Chinese gift has been studied, an attempt of understanding the act of gifting in the cognitive sphere has been made. A conclusion about the prospects of this approach for studying the problems of sociology of the Chinese managerial culture as an important component element of the mechanism of governing the Celestial Kingdom has been made.