Reproduction and Dissemination of the Units of Radiation Flux and Irradiance Using Standard Ultraviolet Radiation Detectors

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
O. A. Minaeva
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Radiation Flux ◽  
Radiation Detectors

scholarly journals Thermal processes in molecular gas

1991 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
J.P. Chièze ◽  
C. de Boisanger
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Molecular Clouds ◽  
Radiation Flux ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Collective Motions ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Non Equilibrium

The dynamics of the cold atomic and molecular gas, on which we focus here, is strongly affected by non equilibrium heating and cooling processes. We give two different examples, in which the breaking of the thermal balance is due respectively to variations of the incident ultraviolet radiation flux, and non equilibrium abundances of H2 molecules in molecular clouds envelopes. Fluctuations of the ultraviolet radiation flux in clumpy molecular cloud envelopes result in the formation or the destruction of dense regions. Large density contrasts, greater than one order of magnitude, are easily achieved in cloud regions of moderate visual extinction. Condensation or expansion develop on quite short time scales, of the order of a few tenth of million year, and induce collective motions which can feed turbulence.Another example of the importance of out of equilibrium thermochemical processes is furnished by the study of the H — H2 transition layers in molecular clouds envelopes. They turn out to be unstable against convection-like motions, driven by the energy released by H2 photodestruction. The gas velocities involved in these motions are, again, typical of the observed turbulent velocity in clouds envelopes.

scholarly journals An investigation of the properties of vacuum-ultraviolet radiation detectors

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
Valdur M. Tiyt
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Absolute Efficiency ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Vacuum Monochromator

At the Institute of Physics and Astronomy of the Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R. there is a laboratory for the research on the properties of detectors for vacuum ultraviolet radiation. The laboratory has also the necessary measuring equipment, including a beam double vacuum monochromator for the wavelengths 1000–2700 Å with a balancing-out system of registration attached to it. The last-named device automatically eliminates effects on the results of measurement caused by the distribution of energy in the spectrum of the light source as well as by absorption in the apparatus.Earlier the absolute efficiency of detectors was determined by means of a thermocouple but at present it is calculated from the data obtained from the photoionisation cross sections of gases.The present report throws light on some results of the investigation of the properties of radiation detectors under different operating conditions.

scholarly journals Cumulative ultraviolet radiation flux in adulthood and risk of incident skin cancers in women

2014 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1855-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wu ◽  
J Han ◽  
R A Vleugels ◽  
R Puett ◽  
F Laden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Radiation Flux ◽  
Skin Cancers

scholarly journals Thermal processes in molecular gas

1991 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
J.P. Chièze ◽  
C. de Boisanger
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Molecular Clouds ◽  
Radiation Flux ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Collective Motions ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Non Equilibrium

The dynamics of the cold atomic and molecular gas, on which we focus here, is strongly affected by non equilibrium heating and cooling processes. We give two different examples, in which the breaking of the thermal balance is due respectively to variations of the incident ultraviolet radiation flux, and non equilibrium abundances of H2 molecules in molecular clouds envelopes. Fluctuations of the ultraviolet radiation flux in clumpy molecular cloud envelopes result in the formation or the destruction of dense regions. Large density contrasts, greater than one order of magnitude, are easily achieved in cloud regions of moderate visual extinction. Condensation or expansion develop on quite short time scales, of the order of a few tenth of million year, and induce collective motions which can feed turbulence.Another example of the importance of out of equilibrium thermochemical processes is furnished by the study of the H — H2 transition layers in molecular clouds envelopes. They turn out to be unstable against convection-like motions, driven by the energy released by H2 photodestruction. The gas velocities involved in these motions are, again, typical of the observed turbulent velocity in clouds envelopes.

Development of Manufacturing Technology of Photo-Dielectric Sensitive Element of Ultraviolet Range on the Basis of Thin Films of Zinc Oxide

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
D.E. Shashin ◽  
N.I. Sushentsov
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Ultraviolet Range ◽  
Measuring Signal

The development of ultraviolet radiation is essential for solving scientific and practical problems. A large number of application areas related to the registration of ultraviolet radiation requires the expansion of the list of materials used and the creation of new technologies for the production of ultraviolet radiation detectors. Zink oxide thin films are widely used in recording and measuring devices for the ultraviolet range, due to its wide bandgap (3.37 eV) and unique optical characteristics. The purpose of the work is to create a technology for the manufacture of photodielectric sensing element of the ultraviolet range based on zink oxide thin films. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set and solved: to obtain an experimental sample of the photodielectric-sensing element of the ultraviolet range, investigate the photoelectric effect in zinc oxide films obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering, determine the optimal voltage and frequency of the measuring signal for the operation of the photodielectric sensing element of the ultraviolet range. The article describes the equipment and the sequence of technological operations for the production of thin films of zinc oxide and conducting electrodes by magnetron sputtering. The optimal voltage and frequency of the measuring signal for the sensing element are investigated. The spectral sensitivity of the element in the ultraviolet range was determined.

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