Factors influencing cost-effectiveness of maintenance of power distribution poles subjected to hurricanes: a system-dynamics-based analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-650
Author(s):  
Jin Tian ◽  
Yue Li
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Applying System Dynamics to Simulate the Passenger Flow in Subway Stations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jianghua Gao ◽  
Limin Jia ◽  
Jianyuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Subway Stations

A macroscopic passenger flow simulation model based on system dynamics is proposed in this paper. It considers the key factors influencing the dynamics of passenger flow from a holistic perspective of the stations and then models the dynamic change in the number of passengers. Firstly, the transmission of passenger flow for a general many-to-many relation between nodes are presented. When the sum of sending capacities heading for a downstream node is less than the receiving capacity of this node, the aggregation of stranded passengers will form the queuing part of the node. The results coming from a passenger flow simulation of a subway station in Beijing show that the proposed model performs well by comparing it with the real data. It can be applied to describe the dynamic change in the number of passengers and the level of service for the facilities.

Transformation of Markov Models for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis into the System Dynamics Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-131
Author(s):  
Patrick Einzinger ◽  
Ruth Leskovar ◽  
Claudia Wytrzens
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
System Dynamics Model ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Number Of Patients

Markov cohort models are one of the standard methodologies for conducting cost-effectiveness analyses of health care interventions of chronic diseases. The system dynamics (SD) approach, where a model consists of stocks and their interconnecting flows, is rarely used, but in principle it can be used to conduct the same type of analysis. The authors show that a simple transformation from the transition probabilities of a Markov model to relative rates always leads to an equivalent system dynamics model. Here the stocks match the Markov states, because they store the same number of patients as in the corresponding state. The authors demonstrate an approach on an exemplary cost-effectiveness analysis for a smoking cessation programme for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a simplified Markov model based on Menn (2009). Both the Markov model and the system dynamics model lead to nearly identical results. However, the latter offers more flexibility as it can incorporate interactions between different patient groups.

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