Selective disturbance by elephants (Loxodonta africana) on eight tree species in a West African savannah

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Hema ◽  
Richard F. W. Barnes ◽  
Massimiliano Di Vittorio ◽  
Luca Luiselli ◽  
Wendengoudi Guenda
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
West African ◽  
West African Savannah

scholarly journals Detecting phenological changes in plant functional types over West African savannah dominated landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-594
Author(s):  
Sa’Ad Ibrahim ◽  
Jörg Kaduk ◽  
Kevin Tansey ◽  
Heiko Balzter ◽  
Umar Mohammed Lawal
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
Plant Functional Types ◽  
Functional Types ◽  
Phenological Changes ◽  
West African Savannah

Displacements of Simulium damnosum and strategy of control against onchocerciasis

1979 ◽  
Vol 287 (1022) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
West African ◽  
Simulium Damnosum ◽  
Logistic Problem ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Onchocerciasis Control ◽  
Upper Volta ◽  
West African Savannah

Regular aerial treatment of 14000 km of watercourses has achieved and maintained, over an area of 700000 km 2 of West African savannah, a very high degree of control of the larvae of Simulium damnosum sensu stricto and S. sibanum , the vectors of onchocerciasis in this area. However, particular and relatively restricted parts of this area, mainly in northern Ivory Coast and neighbouring parts of Upper Volta, experience regular and prolonged reinvasions by parous female vectors, which have already taken bloodmeals (and many of them carrying the parasites) and arrive from unknown sources probably hundreds of kilometres away, from directions probably between southwest and north. This reinvasion, now experienced in three successive years, represents the outstanding scientific, epidemiological and logistic problem still facing the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Programme. An outline is presented of the multidisciplinary investigations being undertaken to find a solution.

Food Production in the Forest Zone of West Africa: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Chia ◽  
A. Catherine D'Andrea
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
West African ◽  
Before Present ◽  
The West ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Indigenous Tree Species

Recent narratives on the origin of food production in the West African forest zone have replaced earlier diffusion-based models with viewpoints that emphasize the diversity of sources for plants and animals exploited and domesticated in the region. Management of indigenous tree species, including oil palm and incense tree, managed first by indigenous foragers, have the longest history in the area, dating back to over 8,400 before present (bp). After the 4th millennium bp, domesticates such as pearl millet, cowpea, and domestic caprines were introduced from adjacent Sahel and the savanna regions, and populations began to favor oil palm over incense tree. The mechanisms of these introductions are less clear but likely involved both diffusion and/or movements of peoples who became sedentary to varying degrees. Palaeoenvironment is an important factor to consider in tracking the development of food production in the forest zone; however, some combination of natural and human-mediated changes took place, the nature of which was not uniformly distributed.

Regeneration of canopy tree species at five sites in West African moist forest

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourens Poorter ◽  
Frans Bongers ◽  
Renaat S.A.R. van Rompaey ◽  
Maarten de Klerk
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
West African ◽  
Canopy Tree ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Canopy Tree Species ◽  
African Moist Forest

Influence of tree species and compass bearing on insect folivory of nine common tree species in the West African savanna

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille B. Unsicker ◽  
Karsten Mody
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
West African ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
The West ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Animal Interactions

Levels of leaf damage due to insect folivory have been investigated in forests of different latitudes all over the world, but most research has concentrated on a few common forest types. Most studies of insect herbivory were conducted in (sub)tropical rain forests (Barone 1998, Basset 1996, Coley 1983, Lowman 1985), or in temperate forests (Landsberg & Ohmart 1989, Lowman & Heatwole 1992). In contrast, little is known about insect folivory of woody plants in tropical savannas (Fowler & Duarte 1991, Marquis et al. 2001, Ribeiro 2003, Stanton 1975), and no such data are available for the West African savanna ecosystem (Andersen & Lonsdale 1990). Savannas cover about 40% of the land surface of Africa and 20% of the world (Scholes & Walker 1993), and savanna trees may host considerable numbers of insects, including many herbivores (Grant & Moran 1986, Mody et al. 2003). Therefore, insect herbivory can be considered a potentially important aspect of plant–animal interactions for vast areas of tropical ecosystems, where it has been studied remarkably rarely so far.

Hydraulic redistribution study in two native tree species of agroforestry parklands of West African dry savanna

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Bayala ◽  
Lee Kheng Heng ◽  
Meine van Noordwijk ◽  
Sibiri Jean Ouedraogo
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
West African ◽  
Hydraulic Redistribution ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands

scholarly journals Specific and generic stem biomass and volume models of tree species in a West African tropical semi-deciduous forest

Silva Fennica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedric Goussanou ◽  
Sabin Guendehou ◽  
Achille Assogbadjo ◽  
Maguette Kaire ◽  
Brice Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
West African ◽  
Stem Biomass ◽  
Volume Models

scholarly journals Soil fungal communities of ectomycorrhizal dominated woodlands across West Africa

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 45-68
Author(s):  
Peter Meidl ◽  
Brendan Furneaux ◽  
Kassim I. Tchan ◽  
Kerri Kluting ◽  
Martin Ryberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
West African ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Gallery Forests ◽  
Host Tree Species ◽  
Ecm Fungi

Forests and woodlands in the West African Guineo-Sudanian transition zone contain many tree species that form symbiotic interactions with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. These fungi facilitate plant growth by increasing nutrient and water uptake and include many fruiting body-forming fungi, including some edible mushrooms. Despite their importance for ecosystem functioning and anthropogenic use, diversity and distribution of ECM fungi is severely under-documented in West Africa. We conducted a broad regional sampling across five West African countries using soil eDNA to characterize the ECM as well as the total soil fungal community in gallery forests and savanna woodlands dominated by ECM host tree species. We subsequently sequenced the entire ITS region and much of the LSU region to infer a phylogeny for all detected soil fungal species. Utilizing a long read sequencing approach allows for higher taxonomic resolution by using the full ITS region, while the highly conserved LSU gene allows for a more accurate higher-level assignment of species hypotheses, including species without ITS-based taxonomy assignments. We detect no overall difference in species richness between gallery forests and woodlands. However, additional gallery forest plots and more samples per plot would have been needed to firmly conclude this pattern. Based on both abundance and richness, species from the families Russulaceae and Inocybaceae dominate the ECM fungal soil communities across both vegetation types. The community structure of both total soil fungi and ECM fungi was significantly influenced by vegetation types and showed strong correlation within plots. However, we found no significant difference in fungal community structure between samples collected adjacent to different host tree species within each plot. We conclude that within plots, the fungal community is structured more by the overall ECM host plant community than by the species of the individual host tree that each sample was collected from.

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