High toxicity of camphene and γ-elemene from Wedelia prostrata essential oil against larvae of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 10383-10391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
Marimuthu Govindarajan ◽  
Mohamad S. AlSalhi ◽  
Sandhanasamy Devanesan ◽  
Filippo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Wedelia Prostrata

Effect of Plant Essential Oils and Their Major Constituents on Cypermethrin Tolerance Associated Detoxification Enzyme Activities in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2167-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torranis Ruttanaphan ◽  
Wanchai Pluempanupat ◽  
Chutikan Aungsirisawat ◽  
Polnarong Boonyarit ◽  
Gaelle Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

Abstract Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides. This research evaluated the acute toxicity and synergistic effect of essential oil compounds in combination with cypermethrin against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effects of distillation extracts of essential oils from Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae (Zingiberales) rhizomes and Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae (Lamiales) leaves; one of their primary essential oil compounds 1,8-cineole; and linalool were studied on second-instar S. litura by topical application under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. galanga had the highest control efficiency, whereas1,8-cineole provided a moderate efficacy. The mixtures of linalool, 1,8-cineole, O. basilicum, or A. galanga with cypermethrin were synergistic on mortality. Activity measurements of the main detoxification enzymes show that linalool and 1,8-cineole inhibit the activity of cytochromes P450 and carboxylesterases, which could explain their synergistic effect. Based on our results, the use of these mixtures represents an ideal eco-friendly approach, helping to manage cypermethrin resistance of S. litura.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Farlow) Kepler, S.A. Rehner and Humber isolates against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and their extracellular enzymatic activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurmehar Kaur Grewal ◽  
Neelam Joshi ◽  
Yadhu Suneja
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Extracellular Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious agricultural pest that infests many commercially important crops of Southeast Asian countries. Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has led to various health hazards as well as insecticide resistance. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) provide an important alternative as biological control agents. Metarhizium rileyi is an EPF with a specific host range for lepidopteran pests. The present study aimed to identify virulent M. rileyi isolate against S. litura larvae and analyse their extracellular cuticle-degrading enzyme activities. Results Three M. rileyi isolates viz M. rileyi NIPHM, M. rileyi MTCC 4254 and M. rileyi MTCC 10395 formulations were evaluated at different concentrations against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura. A maximum percent mortality of 63.33% was recorded in M. rileyi NIPHM (12 g/l), followed by M. rileyi MTCC 4254 (58.33%) at the same concentration, 10 days post-treatment. Maximum means of chitinase, protease and lipase activities (0.44, 1.58 and 2.95 U/ml, respectively) were recorded in the case of M. rileyi NIPHM. Correlation analysis was positive between enzyme activity and larval mortality. Conclusions Metarhizium rileyi NIPHM recorded the highest enzymatic activity and exhibited the maximum mortality rate against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura, suggesting the possible role of these enzymes in the pathogenicity of the fungus. Further knowledge in this regard may help in the development of enzyme-based screening methods for selecting virulent fungal isolates for the eco-friendly management of crop pests.

Pre-treatment with melatonin decreases abamectin induced toxicity in a nocturnal insect Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanian P. Subala ◽  
Eduardo E. Zubero ◽  
Moises A. Alatorre-Jimenez ◽  
Muthugounder S. Shivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Bioaktivitas Campuran Ekstrak Biji Barringtonia asiatica L. (Kurz.) (Lecythidaceae) dan Getah Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) terhadap Larva Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Agrikultura ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Meutia Arisanti ◽  
Danar Dono
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Insecticidal Toxicity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

ABSTRACTBioactivity of mixed seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica l. (kurz.) (lecythidaceae) and sap of Azadirachtaindica A. Juss. (meliaceae) against larvae of Spodoptera litura f. (lepidoptera: noctuidae)Barringtonia asiatica and Azadirachta indica are known to have variety of chemical compounds that haspotency to be developed as botanical pesticides. The study aimed to determine insecticidal toxicity of B.asiatica seed extract and A. indica sap and their mixture. The experiment was carried out in the Laboratoryof Pesticides and Application Technology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture,Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiments were conducted either on toxicity test of the seed extract of B.asiatica and the sap of A. indica singly or their mixture based on the comparison of LC95. Toxicity testing wasperformed using a leaf-residue feeding method on the instar I of Spodoptera litura larvae. The resultsshowed that seed extractof B.asiatica has a moderate toxicity to S.liturawith the LC50 value of 0.491% andaffected body weight of the larvae. The sap of A.indicahas had slightly low toxicity with the LC50 value of1.310%. The mixture of B. asiatica seed extract and A. Indica sap (based on ratio of 4.1%of B. asiaticacompare to 4.9% of A. Indica) has LC50 value of 0.970% (slightly low toxicity) and the LC95 value of 15.99%that was antagonistic on the LC95 level with Cotoxicity Ratio value of 0.23% on 12 days after treatment.Keywords: Cotoxicity ratio, independent joint action, Barringtonia asiatica, Azadirachta indica, SpodopteralituraABSTRAKBarringtonia asiatica dan Azadirachta indica diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa kimia yang berpotensidikembangkan sebagai pestisida nabati. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas ekstrak biji B.asiatica dan getah A. indica serta campurannya telah dilakukan di Laboraturium Pestisida dan TeknikAplikasi, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran.Penelitian meliputi uji toksisitas ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A.indica secara tunggal, dan pengujiancampuran ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A.indica berdasarkan pada perbandingan LC95. Pengujiantoksisitas dilakukan dengan metode celup pakan pada larva instar I Spodoptera litura. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji B. asiatica bersifat toksik sedang terhadap S. litura dengan nilai LC50sebesar 0,491% dan berpengaruh terhadap bobot basah larva. Getah A. indica bersifat toksik ringan dengannilai LC50 1,310%. Campuran ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A. indica berdasarkan rasio 4,1% B. asiaticaberbanding 4,9% A. indica memiliki LC50 sebesar 0,970% (toksisitas ringan) dengan LC95 sebesar 15,99% dandinyatakan bersifat antagonis pada LC95 dengan nilai Nisbah Kotoksisitas 0,23% pada 12 hari setelahaplikasi.Kata kunci: Nisbah Kotoksisitas, Kerja bersama bebas, Barringtonia asiatica, Azadirachta indica, Spodopteralitura

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