Bioremediation of cadmium-dichlorophen co-contaminated soil by spent Lentinus edodes substrate and its effects on microbial activity and biochemical properties of soil

This study evaluates the effectiveness of organic fertilizers in restoring the homeostasis of soils contaminated with zinc. The activity of selected enzymes participating in the transformation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur and the sensitivity of white mustard plants to zinc were analyzed. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out. Uncontaminated soil served as control. Six organic substances which potentially neutralize the adverse effects of zinc were used: tree bark, finely ground barley straw, pine sawdust, cattle manure, compost and cellulose. It was found that in less contaminated soil (300 mg Zn2+/kg), all of the analyzed organic substances minimized zinc adverse effects on the biochemical properties of soil, including the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase. In more contaminated soil (600 mg Zn2+/kg), the negative consequences of zinc pollution were effectively mitigated only by cellulose, barley straw and manure. Cellulose had the highest soil restoration potential, as demonstrated by resistance indicator values for different enzymes. Cellulose, compost, manure and straw increased the resistance of white mustard plants to zinc, but only in treatments contaminated with 300 mg Zn2+/kg. Bark and sawdust potentiated zinc toxic effects on mustard plants.

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Role of compost, bentonite and lime in recovering the biochemical equilibrium of diesel oil contaminated soil

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/3541-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 505-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Wyszkowska ◽

M. Wyszkowski

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Soil Nitrification ◽

Soil Enrichment ◽

Properties Of Soil

The aim of the study was to determine how soil contamination with diesel oil affected biochemical properties of soil and to determine whether the application of compost, bentonite or lime could recover the biochemical equilibrium of soil. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. Typical Eutric Cambisols soil formed from sandy loam was polluted with the following amounts of diesel oil: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 cm3/kg of soil. The results of the tests showed that the contamination of soil with diesel oil at the amount between 2.5 and 10 cm3/kg of soil disturbed the biochemical balance of soil. Irrespective of the application of compost, bentonite or lime and regardless which plant species was grown, diesel oil significantly (p = 0.01) stimulated the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, and alkaline phosphatase as well as the nitrification of soil. Enrichment of soil with compost, bentonite or lime stimulated the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase and nitrification. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease and nitrification of soil, in contrast to the activity of acid phosphatase, was higher in soil under spring oilseed rape than in soil under oats. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase in soil contaminated with diesel oil was positively correlated with the nitrification of soil. The correlation between the activity of acid phosphatase and soil nitrification was negative.

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Role of Inorganic and Organic Fractions in Animal Manure Compost in Lead Immobilization and Microbial Activity in Soil

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2016/7872947 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masahiko Katoh ◽

Wataru Kitahara ◽

Takeshi Sato

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Residual Fraction ◽

Inorganic Component ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Microbial Enzyme ◽

Lead Immobilization ◽

Inorganic Fraction

This study aimed to identify how the ratio of inorganic-to-organic components in animal manure compost (AMC) affected both lead immobilization and microbial activity in lead-contaminated soil. When AMC containing 50% or more inorganic fraction with high phosphorous content was applied to contaminated soil, the amounts of water-soluble lead in it were suppressed by over 88% from the values in the soil without compost. The residual fraction under sequential extraction increased with the inorganic fraction in the AMC; however, in those AMCs, the levels of microbial enzyme activity were the same or less than those in the control soil. The application of AMC containing 25% inorganic fraction could alter the lead phases to be more insoluble while improving microbial enzyme activities; however, no suppression of the level of water-soluble lead existed during the first 30 days. These results indicate that compost containing an inorganic component of 50% or more with high phosphorus content is suitable for immobilizing lead; however, in the case where low precipitation is expected for a month, AMC containing 25% inorganic component could be used to both immobilize lead and restore microbial activity.

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