Richness and composition of macrofungi on large decaying trees in a Central European old-growth forest: a case study on silver fir (Abies alba)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1429-1443
Author(s):  
Jan Holec ◽  
Tomáš Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Central European ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Gap disturbance regime in an old-growth Fagus–Abies forest in the Dinaric Mountains, Bosnia-Herzegovina

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2728-2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Nagel ◽  
Miroslav Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Abies Alba ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Disturbance Regime ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Dinaric Mountains ◽  
Gap Disturbance

Due to the scarcity of old-growth forests in much of Europe, there is little quantitative information on disturbance processes that influence forest dynamics. However, this information is crucial for forest management that tries to emulate patterns and processes in natural forests. We quantified the gap disturbance regime in an old-growth forest dominated by European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) and silver fir ( Abies alba Miller) in the Dinaric Mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We sampled 87 gaps in four stands using line-intercept sampling. The percentages of forest area in canopy gaps and expanded gaps ranged from 12% to 17.2% and 35.5% to 39.7%, respectively. Although many of the gaps were small (<100 m2) and formed from a single gapmaker, large canopy openings >1000 m2 with numerous gapmakers made up a disproportionate amount of the total gap area. More than half the gaps had more than one gapmaker and were often in separate decay classes, indicating gaps had expanded over time during separate disturbance events. Furthermore, 51% of all gapmakers were uprooted or wind-snapped, whereas only 22% died standing. These results suggest that wind disturbance plays an important role in creating intermediate to large canopy openings through both gap formation and gap expansion processes.

Seven decades of change in a European old-growth forest following a stand-replacing wind disturbance: A long-term case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 399 ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jaloviar ◽  
Milan Saniga ◽  
Stanislav Kucbel ◽  
Ján Pittner ◽  
Jaroslav Vencurik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Disturbance ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Forest Reorganization: A Case Study in an Old-Growth Forest Catastrophic Blowdown

Ecology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Peterson ◽  
Steward T. A. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Gap-phase structure of a subalpine old-growth forest

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1730-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Lertzman ◽  
Charles J. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Phase Structure ◽  
Turnover Time ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Gap Phase

We examined four stands in a subalpine old-growth forest in the Coast Mountains of southwestern British Columbia for gap-phase structure. Though the stands varied in the proportions of each species, all had a similar distribution of area under closed canopy and in gaps (overall means: 29% closed canopy, 52% expanded gap, 18% canopy gap). Median areas of canopy gaps and expanded gaps were 41 and 203 m2, respectively. Most gaps (90%) had more than one gap maker, and gap makers within a gap were often from mortality events separated in time. Half of all gap makers died standing, and only 13% were windthrown. Pacific silver fir (Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) was represented among gap makers in a much higher proportion than among canopy trees in general (64 vs. 45%). The estimated forest turnover time varied from 280–1000 years, depending on assumptions about the time taken for gaps to be filled. Distinctive features of gap-phase structure and dynamics in this forest are the high proportion of area in gap, small gap size, multiple gap makers of varying stages of decay, and long tenure of gaps before they are filled.

Patterns between crown characteristics and radial increment in trees are similar during recovery and normal growth: a long-term example from old-growth forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069-1077
Author(s):  
Rafał Podlaski
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Crown Characteristics

Crown traits and competition attributes have an important effect on tree radial increment. Relationships among these elements are modeled using the distributions of the crown characteristics in a given calendar year, but these patterns can differ over time. The suitability of the patterns during recovery and normal growth was investigated using silver fir, Abies alba Mill., in old-growth forests. Generalized additive models (GAMs) for silver fir in the older (OG, trees aged 136–300 years) and younger (YG, trees aged 45–135 years) generations were developed. To test the validity of these GAMs, field data sets representing silver fir recovery and normal growth were used. For silver fir in OG, crown transparency had the largest effect on tree growth, explaining more than 25% of the variance. For silver fir in YG, relative crown length had the largest effect on tree growth, explaining more than 15% of the variance. The absolute relative prediction errors, AREmin and AREmax, were less than 0.03 and 1.50 mm, respectively. The developed GAMs are suitable during recovery and normal growth, but the GAMs were fitted to a relatively small area, neglecting climatic gradients and different disturbance types. This type of investigation should be continued on a larger scale.

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