Vulnerability assessments of coastal river deltas - categorization and review

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel L. Wolters ◽  
Claudia Kuenzer
Keyword(s):  
River Deltas ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
Coastal River

scholarly journals Experimental river delta size set by multiple floods and backwater hydrodynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e1501768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamsi Ganti ◽  
Austin J. Chadwick ◽  
Hima J. Hassenruck-Gudipati ◽  
Brian M. Fuller ◽  
Michael P. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Characteristic Size ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
Constant Size ◽  
Stratigraphic Record ◽  
Coastal River

River deltas worldwide are currently under threat of drowning and destruction by sea-level rise, subsidence, and oceanic storms, highlighting the need to quantify their growth processes. Deltas are built through construction of sediment lobes, and emerging theories suggest that the size of delta lobes scales with backwater hydrodynamics, but these ideas are difficult to test on natural deltas that evolve slowly. We show results of the first laboratory delta built through successive deposition of lobes that maintain a constant size. We show that the characteristic size of delta lobes emerges because of a preferential avulsion node—the location where the river course periodically and abruptly shifts—that remains fixed spatially relative to the prograding shoreline. The preferential avulsion node in our experiments is a consequence of multiple river floods and Froude-subcritical flows that produce persistent nonuniform flows and a peak in net channel deposition within the backwater zone of the coastal river. In contrast, experimental deltas without multiple floods produce flows with uniform velocities and delta lobes that lack a characteristic size. Results have broad applications to sustainable management of deltas and for decoding their stratigraphic record on Earth and Mars.

scholarly journals Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation Challenges in Szekszárd Wine Region, Hungary

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Attila Buzási
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
The Future ◽  
Climate Vulnerability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wine Region ◽  
Lock In

Wine producers face several challenges regarding climate change, which will affect this industry both in the present and the future. Vulnerability assessments are at the forefront of current climate research, therefore, the present paper has two main aims. First, to assess two components of climate vulnerability regarding the Szekszárd wine region, Hungary; second, to collect and analyze adaptation farming techniques in terms of environmental sustainability aspects. Exposure analyses revealed that the study area will face several challenges regarding intensive drought periods in the future. Sensitivity indicators show the climate-related characteristics of the most popular grapevines and their relatively high level of susceptibility regarding changing climatic patterns. Since both external and intrinsic factors of vulnerability show deteriorating trends, the development of adaptation actions is needed. Adaptation interventions often provide unsustainable solutions or entail maladaptation issues, therefore, an environmental-focused sustainability assessment of collected interventions was performed to avoid long-term negative path dependencies. The applied evaluation methodology pointed out that nature-based adaptation actions are preferred in comparison to using additional machines or resource-intensive solutions. This study can fill the scientific gap by analyzing this wine region for the first time, via performing an ex-ante lock-in analysis of available and widely used adaptation interventions in the viticulture sector.

scholarly journals Qualitative Fire Vulnerability Assessments for Museums and Their Collections: A Case Study from Kosovo

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Charlotte Fafet ◽  
Erinë Mulolli Zajmi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Risk Awareness ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
Suppression Systems ◽  
Simulation Exercises

Fires are among the most frequently recurring hazards affecting museums and cultural heritage sites. The fires of the National Museum of Brazil in 2018 and of Notre Dame de Paris in 2019 showed that the consequences of such events can be heavy and lead to irreversible heritage losses. In Kosovo, few studies were made about the risks that can affect cultural heritage sites. A project led by the NGO Kosovo Foundation for Cultural Heritage without Borders (CHwB Kosova) in 2018 explored the most prevalent risks for the cultural heritage sites of the country and highlighted fire as a predominant risk in Kosovo. In order to better understand it, vulnerability assessments were conducted in several museums in Kosovo. Data were collected through field visits in the different museums, in which interviews with staff members as well as observations were conducted. The aim of this paper is to present the main results of the fire vulnerability assessments conducted in Kosovo’s museums in 2018. An important aspect of this project is the approach to collect information in data-scarce environments. It is believed that the questionnaires used to lead interviews with museums’ staff members could help other practitioners to collect data in such contexts and evaluate more easily the risk of fire for the museums and their collections. In the context of Kosovo, one of the main findings is the identification and prioritisation of measures to ensure better protection of Kosovar museums. Structural mitigation measures such as alarm and fire suppression systems are not the only elements necessary to improve the resilience of Kosovar museums to fire. Indeed, the promotion of risk awareness, the training of staff members and the realisation of crisis simulation exercises are just as important in order to prevent and detect a fire, and above all, to respond quickly and accurately if a fire occurs.

scholarly journals Multi-Label Data Fusion to Support Agricultural Vulnerability Assessments

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Ivan Dario Lopez ◽  
Apolinar Figueroa ◽  
Juan Carlos Corrales
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Label Data ◽  
Agricultural Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments

scholarly journals What Role do Hurricanes Play in Sediment Delivery to Subsiding River Deltas?

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Smith ◽  
Samuel J. Bentley ◽  
Gregg A. Snedden ◽  
Crawford White
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
River Deltas

A decadal record of underflows from a coastal river into the deep sea

Geology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Johnson ◽  
Charles K. Paull ◽  
James P. Barry ◽  
Francisco P. Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Coastal River
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