Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and driving risk: A review of the literature and a methodological critique

Executive function (EF) accounts have now been offered for several disorders with childhood onset (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, early-treated phenylketonuria), and EF has been linked to the development of numerous abilities (e.g., attention, rule use, theory of mind). However, efforts to explain behavior in terms of EF have been hampered by an inadequate characterization of EF itself. What is the function that is accomplished by EF? The present analysis attempts to ground the construct of EF in an account of problem solving and thereby to integrate temporally and functionally distinct aspects of EF within a coherent framework. According to this problem-solving framework, EF is a macroconstruct that spans 4 phases of problem solving (representation, planning, execution, and evaluation). When analyzed into subfunctions, macroconstructs such as EF permit the integration of findings from disparate content domains, which are often studied in isolation from the broader context of reasoning and action. A review of the literature on the early development of EF reveals converging evidence for domain-general changes in all aspects of EF.

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The relationship between childhood asthma and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A review of the literature

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/108705479600100103 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J.M. Daly ◽

J. Biederman ◽

J.Q. Bostic ◽

A.M. Maraganore ◽

E. Lelon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Relationship

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment ◽

10.1192/apt.bp.107.003848 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 96-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Raguraman Janakiraman ◽

Tony Benning

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Clinical Interview ◽

Diagnostic Evaluation ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Complete Understanding ◽

Distinct Entity ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Clinical Presentations

SummaryAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an established diagnosis in children but there is a lack of agreement about its validity as a distinct entity in adults. Literature suggests that between one-third and two-thirds of children diagnosed with ADHD continue to manifest symptoms into adulthood. An adult diagnosis should be done on the basis of a thorough assessment, structured and semi-structured clinical interview, and with a complete understanding of the symptoms that manifest in adults. This may be supplemented by the use of rating scales. We present a review of the literature covering aetiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluation and management of ADHD in adults.

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