Association of Blood Cadmium Level with Metabolic Syndrome After Adjustment for Confounding by Serum Ferritin and Other Factors: 2008–2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Kook Lee ◽  
Yangho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cadmium Level ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Blood Cadmium

Relationships of Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury Levels With Albuminuria in US Adults: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database, 2009–2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Juan Zhu ◽  
Jing-Jing Wang ◽  
Jian-Hua Mao ◽  
Qiang Shu ◽  
Li-Zhong Du
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cadmium Level ◽  
Urinary Cadmium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Blood Cadmium ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated associations between cadmium, lead, and mercury levels and the presence of albuminuria in US adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during the period 2009–2012. A total of 2,926 adults aged ≥20 years were included, representing a population-based sample of 18,264,307 persons. Data on blood and urinary levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury and urinary albumin concentration (albuminuria, measured as albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g) were obtained. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze associations between log-transformed cadmium, lead, and mercury levels and the presence of albuminuria. Urinary ACR was significantly higher among participants with a blood cadmium level of 0.349–0.692 μg/L (quartile 3) than in those with a blood cadmium level less than or equal to 0.243 μg/L (quartile 1) (crude β = 0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.28). Participants with a urinary cadmium level greater than or equal to 0.220 μg/L had a significantly higher ACR (0.220–0.403 μg/L (quartile 3): crude β = 0.12 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.21); ≥0.404 μg/L (quartile 4): crude β = 0.29 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.39)) than those with a urinary cadmium level less than or equal to 0.126 μg/L (quartile 1). In conclusion, only blood and urinary cadmium levels, not mercury or lead levels, were associated with albuminuria among adults in this population.

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