scholarly journals ATP-Nlrp3 Inflammasome-Complement Cascade Axis in Sterile Brain Inflammation in Psychiatric Patients and its Impact on Stem Cell Trafficking

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Z. Ratajczak ◽  
Aaron Mack ◽  
Kamila Bujko ◽  
Alison Domingues ◽  
Daniel Pedziwiatr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Complement Cascade ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking

Novel evidence for enhanced stem cell trafficking in antipsychotic-naïve subjects during their first psychotic episode

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur ◽  
Maciej Tarnowski ◽  
Barbara Dołęgowska ◽  
Marta Budkowska ◽  
Daniel Pędziwiatr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking

Dual labeling strategy of spion for optical and MRI imaging of stem cell trafficking

Cytotherapy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. S48
Author(s):  
S.S. Beevi ◽  
V.K. Verma ◽  
L.K. Chelluri ◽  
K. Lakshmi ◽  
T. Debnath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking

Microchimerism in female bone marrow and bone decades after fetal mesenchymal stem-cell trafficking in pregnancy

The Lancet ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 364 (9429) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keelin O'Donoghue ◽  
Jerry Chan ◽  
Josu de la Fuente ◽  
Nigel Kennea ◽  
Ann Sandison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Monocyte and Fibroblast Directed Generation of a Marrow Vascular Niche

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3602-3602
Author(s):  
Surya S Kotha ◽  
Kiet T Phong ◽  
Amie Adams ◽  
Brian Hayes ◽  
Meredith A Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Stromal Microenvironment ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking

Abstract Hematopoietic cells dynamically interact with their surrounding microenvironment during their residence, maturation and differentiation. Individual marrow components have been isolated and studied in 2D in vitro cultures, yet their functional contributions to a complete niche are not fully understood. In vivo studies in mouse models are complex, and the inaccessibility of marrow architecture has precluded systematic analysis of each component. Here, we employ an in vitro 3D microfluidic vascular system to study the effect of microenvironmental cues on cell trafficking in an engineered hematopoietic niche. Our system allows for control of 3D geometric cues, hydrodynamic flow, multi-cellular compositions, and cellular matrix remodeling by combining soft lithography and injection modeling in type I collagen gel (Zheng et al. PNAS 2012). Endothelial cells perfused through the embedded microfluidic network form a confluent, patent endothelium within the collagen. Incorporating hematopoietic cells and stromal cells into the extravascular collagen space allows us to visualize how cells interact with vasculature during culture. First, we developed a marrow stromal microenvironment to understand how stromal cells modify the marrow microvascular environment, by incorporating two different human marrow-derived stromal fibroblast cell lines (HS27a and HS5) in the extravascular space surrounding the vessels (Fig 1A). HS27a and HS5 cells created distinct vascular microenvironments by secreting divergent cytokine profiles: stem cell niche-associated and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Both stromal lines modified the vascular phenotype by reducing endothelial expression of vWF and junctional proteins. In particular, co-culture with HS5 increased expression of inflammatory markers on the endothelium. Next, we evaluated the function of this modified vasculature on hematopoietic stem cell trafficking through the vessels. When CD34+ cells alone were perfused through the microvessels, they adhered on the vessel wall and migrated into the matrix. The HS27a and HS5-induced microenvironment did not significantly change trafficking behavior (Fig 1B, C). When monocytes were perfused through the microvessels, they also adhered on the vessel wall and migrated into the matrix. Monocytes are a critical part of the marrow space, and are known to modify the endothelium and stromal microenvironment. When CD34+ cells were perfused through the vessels 24 hours after monocytes, crosstalk shifted trafficking patterns of both cell types and led to increased adhesion and migration within the HS5- and HS27a-modified vessels (Fig 1D). To explore the competent marrow niche in vitro, we further examined hematopoietic cell trafficking from the extravascular space into the circulation by embedding cells from fresh human bone marrow screens within the collagen matrix. We found this cell fraction contained a mixed population of hematopoietic and stromal cells, and could be cultured in the microvascular niche for at least two weeks. Scanning electron microscopy showed various types of marrow cells residing in both the abluminal and luminal side of the endothelium (Fig 1E-G). Throughout culture with continuous vascular perfusion, we collected the media flow-through and identified different hematopoietic cell populations released from the matrix into the circulation over the course of two weeks. Specifically, we identified CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells along with megakaryocyte, erythroid, lymphoid, and myeloid lineage cells by flow cytometry analysis. In summary, we developed an in vitro 3D microvascular marrow niche and gained insight into hematopoietic cell trafficking between the stroma and the circulation. By guiding the interplay of heterogeneous cell populations, we have demonstrated the capacity to define distinct microenvironment spaces. This platform shows promise for long term culture of a whole marrow population and for the ex vivo generation of hematopoietic cells. Further development of this 3D marrow niche will allow us to better understand the complexities mediating stem cell trafficking, residence, proliferation, mobilization, and differentiation in both health and disease. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of inteqerest to declare.

Lysophospholipids synergistically promote primitive hematopoietic cell chemotaxis via a mechanism involving Vav 1

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 2798-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Whetton ◽  
Yuning Lu ◽  
Andrew Pierce ◽  
Louise Carney ◽  
Elaine Spooncer
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Abstract Hematopoiesis is sustained by the proliferation and development of an extremely low number of hematopoietic stem cells resident in the bone marrow. These stem cells can migrate from their bone marrow microenvironment and can be found at low levels in the peripheral blood. The factors that regulate egress or ingress of the stem cells from the marrow include cytokines and chemokines. This process of stem cell trafficking is fundamental to both stem cell biology and stem cell transplantation. We show that primitive hematopoietic cells with cobblestone area–forming cell activity express receptors for and display enhanced motility in response to a new class of stem cell agonists, namely lysophospholipids. These agents synergistically promote chemokinestimulated cell chemotaxis, a process that is crucial in stem cell homing. The response to lysophospholipids is mediated by Rac, Rho, and Cdc42 G proteins and the hematopoietic-specific guanyl nucleotide exchange factor Vav 1. Inhibitor studies also show a critical role for phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K). Lipid mediators, therefore, regulate the critical process of primitive hematopoietic cell motility via a PI3K- and Vav-dependent mechanism and may govern stem cell movement in vivo. These results are of relevance to understanding stem cell trafficking during bone marrow transplantation.

scholarly journals Recent advances into the understanding of mesenchymal stem cell trafficking

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Fox ◽  
Giselle Chamberlain ◽  
Brian A. Ashton ◽  
Jim Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Stem Cell Trafficking
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