Numerical calculations of potential distribution in non-ideal quadrupole trap and simulations of anharmonic oscillations

Pramana ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Gupta ◽  
Pushpa M. Rao
Author(s):  
M. Pan ◽  
J.M. Cowley

Electron microdiffraction patterns, obtained when a small electron probe with diameter of 10-15 Å is directed to run parallel to and outside a flat crystal surface, are sensitive to the surface nature of the crystals. Dynamical diffraction calculations have shown that most of the experimental observations for a flat (100) face of a MgO crystal, such as the streaking of the central spot in the surface normal direction and (100)-type forbidden reflections etc., could be explained satisfactorily by assuming a modified image potential field outside the crystal surface. However the origin of this extended surface potential remains uncertain. A theoretical analysis by Howie et al suggests that the surface image potential should have a form different from above-mentioned image potential and also be smaller by several orders of magnitude. Nevertheless the surface potential distribution may in practice be modified in various ways, such as by the adsorption of a monolayer of gas molecules.


1988 ◽  
Vol 49 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-1451-C8-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kopinga ◽  
J. Emmen ◽  
G. C. de Vries ◽  
L. F. Lemmens ◽  
G. Kamieniarz

PIERS Online ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailiang Li ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Tong Ling

Author(s):  
V. F. Edneral ◽  
O. D. Timofeevskaya

Introduction:The method of resonant normal form is based on reducing a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations to a simpler form, easier to explore. Moreover, for a number of autonomous nonlinear problems, it is possible to obtain explicit formulas which approximate numerical calculations of families of their periodic solutions. Replacing numerical calculations with their precalculated formulas leads to significant savings in computational time. Similar calculations were made earlier, but their accuracy was insufficient, and their complexity was very high.Purpose:Application of the resonant normal form method and a software package developed for these purposes to fourth-order systems in order to increase the calculation speed.Results:It has been shown that with the help of a single algorithm it is possible to study equations of high orders (4th and higher). Comparing the tabulation of the obtained formulas with the numerical solutions of the corresponding equations shows good quantitative agreement. Moreover, the speed of calculation by prepared approximating formulas is orders of magnitude greater than the numerical calculation speed. The obtained approximations can also be successfully applied to unstable solutions. For example, in the Henon — Heyles system, periodic solutions are surrounded by chaotic solutions and, when numerically integrated, the algorithms are often unstable on them.Practical relevance:The developed approach can be used in the simulation of physical and biological systems.


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