Estimation of ambient temperature impact on vertical dynamic behaviour of passenger rail vehicle with damaged wheels

<p><span>In this paper, the effect of the ambient temperature on the PV modules for different angles of inclinations and different intensities of the solar radiation on the surface of the PV module is considered by using empirical correlations for natural convection. An analytical model based on the energy balance equilibrium between the PV module and the environment conditions has been used. Also an expression for calculating the electric power of silicon PV modules in a function of the ambient temperature, the intensity of the solar radiation, the incident angle of the solar radiation to the surface of the PV module and the efficiency of the PV modules at STC conditions have been used. By comparing the obtained both results, it can be seen that the largest deviation between the power values obtained by the analytical model and expression is about (5 %). The results obtained indicates that in the case of a small number of PV modules corresponding to the required number for an average household, it is more economical to invest additional resources in increasing the PV module's surface area than in case of the PV module with sun tracking system. </span></p>

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Pelage insulation, litter size, and ambient temperature impact maternal energy intake and offspring development during lactation

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.02.012 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 128-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Matthew J. Paul ◽

Christiana Tuthill ◽

Alexander S. Kauffman ◽

Irving Zucker

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Litter Size ◽

Offspring Development ◽

Temperature Impact

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Experimental and Numerical Testing of Ambient Temperature Impact on Lifespans of Cuffs of Vehicles’ Steering Systems

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10124371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 4371

Author(s):

Radoje Vujadinović ◽

Vladimir Pajković ◽

Sreten Simović ◽

Milanko Damjanović ◽

Petar Nikčević

Keyword(s):

Numerical Analysis ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Steering System ◽

Ansys Software ◽

Software Environment ◽

Numerical Testing ◽

Northern Areas ◽

Protective Element ◽

Temperature Impact ◽

The Impact

The steering system represents one of the most important systems of active safety in vehicles. The process of a steering system failure usually starts with the failure of its protective element (cuff). Numerous factors influence a cuff’s lifespan, but the research subject of this paper is the impact of ambient temperature. The goal of this research is the experimental verification of the finding that vehicles used in northern areas require more frequent interventions in their steering systems than vehicles used in the south. A simulator performing a motion similar to the work of a cuff during a vehicle’s motion was made for the purpose of the research. A refrigerating chamber where cuffs were tested at temperatures from −4 °C to −20 °C was also made. A numerical analysis, with the ANSYS software environment, was also carried out. The numerical analysis shows that the failure of a cuff could be expected at almost the same point at which it was experimentally proven. Therefore, the failure, namely the breaking of a cuff, is not only a consequence of the material’s fatigue due to a big number of oscillations, but it also depends upon the impact of ambient temperature where the vehicle is used.

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