Effects of Eye Contact and Iconic Gestures on Message Retention in Human-Robot Interaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth T. van Dijk ◽  
Elena Torta ◽  
Raymond H. Cuijpers
Keyword(s):  
Eye Contact ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction

scholarly journals Measuring engagement elicited by eye contact in Human-Robot Interaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyveli Kompatsiari ◽  
Francesca Ciardo ◽  
Davide De Tommaso ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Explicit Measures

The present study aimed at investigating how eye contact established by a humanoid robot affects engagement in human-robot interaction (HRI). To this end, we combined explicit subjective evaluations with implicit measures, i.e. reaction times and eye tracking. More specifically, we employed a gaze cueing paradigm in HRI protocol involving the iCub robot. Critically, before moving its gaze, iCub either established eye contact or not with the user. We investigated the patterns of fixations of participants’ gaze on the robot’s face, joint attention and the subjective ratings of engagement as a function of eye contact or no eye contact. We found that eye contact affected implicit measures of engagement, i.e. longer fixation times on the robot’s face during eye contact, and joint attention elicited only after the robot established eye contact. On the contrary, explicit measures of engagement with the robot did not vary across conditions. Our results highlight the value of combining explicit with implicit measures in an HRI protocol in order to unveil underlying human cognitive mechanisms, which might be at stake during the interactions. These mechanisms could be crucial for establishing an effective and engaging HRI, and could potentially provide guidelines to the robotics community with respect to better robot design.

scholarly journals Robot Gaze Behavior Affects Honesty in Human-Robot Interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elef Schellen ◽  
Francesco Bossi ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Facial Cues ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Deceptive Behavior

As the use of humanoid robots proliferates, an increasing amount of people may find themselves face-to-“face” with a robot in everyday life. Although there is a plethora of information available on facial social cues and how we interpret them in the field of human-human social interaction, we cannot assume that these findings flawlessly transfer to human-robot interaction. Therefore, more research on facial cues in human-robot interaction is required. This study investigated deception in human-robot interaction context, focusing on the effect that eye contact with a robot has on honesty towards this robot. In an iterative task, participants could assist a humanoid robot by providing it with correct information, or potentially secure a reward for themselves by providing it with incorrect information. Results show that participants are increasingly honest after the robot establishes eye contact with them, but only if this is in response to deceptive behavior. Behavior is not influenced by the establishment of eye contact if the participant is actively engaging in honest behavior. These findings support the notion that humanoid robots can be perceived as, and treated like, social agents, since the herein described effect mirrors one present in human-human social interaction.

scholarly journals Robot Gaze Behavior Affects Honesty in Human-Robot Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elef Schellen ◽  
Francesco Bossi ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Facial Cues ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Deceptive Behavior

As the use of humanoid robots proliferates, an increasing amount of people may find themselves face-to-“face” with a robot in everyday life. Although there is a plethora of information available on facial social cues and how we interpret them in the field of human-human social interaction, we cannot assume that these findings flawlessly transfer to human-robot interaction. Therefore, more research on facial cues in human-robot interaction is required. This study investigated deception in human-robot interaction context, focusing on the effect that eye contact with a robot has on honesty toward this robot. In an iterative task, participants could assist a humanoid robot by providing it with correct information, or potentially secure a reward for themselves by providing it with incorrect information. Results show that participants are increasingly honest after the robot establishes eye contact with them, but only if this is in response to deceptive behavior. Behavior is not influenced by the establishment of eye contact if the participant is actively engaging in honest behavior. These findings support the notion that humanoid robots can be perceived as, and treated like, social agents, since the herein described effect mirrors one present in human-human social interaction.

scholarly journals The importance of mutual gaze in human-robot interaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyveli Kompatsiari ◽  
Vadim Tikhanoff ◽  
Francesca Ciardo ◽  
Giorgio Metta ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Letter Identification ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Mutual Gaze ◽  
Social Gaze ◽  
Subjective Reports

Mutual gaze is a key element of human development, and constitutes an important factor in human interactions. In this study, we examined –through analysis of subjective reports– the influence of an online eye-contact of a humanoid robot on humans’ reception of the robot. To this end, we manipulated the robot gaze, i.e., mutual (social) gaze and neutral (non-social) gaze, throughout an experiment involving letter identification. Our results suggest that people are sensitive to the mutual gaze of an artificial agent, they feel more engaged with the robot when a mutual gaze is established, and eye-contact supports attributing human-like characteris-tics to the robot. These findings are relevant both to the human-robot interaction (HRI) research - enhancing social behavior of robots, and also for cognitive neuroscience - studying mechanisms of social cognition in relatively realistic social interactive scenarios.

A Comparison of Bystander and Team Member Distance in Human--Robot Interaction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell S. Dunfee ◽  
Tracy Sanders ◽  
Peter A. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Team Member ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction

Modeling Human-Robot Interaction with Petri-Nets

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemarie Yagoda ◽  
Michael D. Coovert
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction

Workload in Human-Robot Interaction: A Review of Manipulations and Outcomes

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Prewett ◽  
Kristin N. Saboe ◽  
Ryan C. Johnson ◽  
Michael D. Coovert ◽  
Linda R. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction

Biomimetic, sociable robots for human-robot interaction

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanore Edson ◽  
Judith Lytle ◽  
Thomas McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction

The role and relationship of mindreading and social attunement in HRI – position statements of interdisciplinary researchers. Workshop HRI'20

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wykowska ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Stefan Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This booklet is a collection of the position statements accepted for the HRI’20 conference workshop “Social Cognition for HRI: Exploring the relationship between mindreading and social attunement in human-robot interaction” (Wykowska, Perez-Osorio & Kopp, 2020). Unfortunately, due to the rapid unfolding of the novel coronavirus at the beginning of the present year, the conference and consequently our workshop, were canceled. On the light of these events, we decided to put together the positions statements accepted for the workshop. The contributions collected in these pages highlight the role of attribution of mental states to artificial agents in human-robot interaction, and precisely the quality and presence of social attunement mechanisms that are known to make human interaction smooth, efficient, and robust. These papers also accentuate the importance of the multidisciplinary approach to advance the understanding of the factors and the consequences of social interactions with artificial agents.

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