Chronically increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system: Our diet-related “evolutionary” inheritance

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Free fatty acid metabolism in fetal and newborn sheep

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Van Duyne ◽  
H. R. Parker ◽  
R. J. Havel ◽  
L. W. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Newborn Lamb ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Ffa ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

The metabolism of free fatty acids (FFA) was studied in the term ewe, sheep fetus and newborn lamb. The concentration of FFA is about 10 times greater and the concentration of triglyceride fatty acids (TGFA) 2 1/2 times greater in maternal than in fetal plasma. After intravascular administration of palmitic acid-1-C14 complexed to homologous albumin, the initial rates of disappearance of FFA radioactivity from maternal and fetal circulations were similar, with half-times of approximately 2 minutes. Radioactivity appeared in the opposite circulation as FFA indicating that the syndesmochorial placenta is permeable to palmitic acid. Survival of the newborn lamb is associated with a fivefold increase in plasma concentration of FFA and no significant change in glucose or fructose during the first 30 minutes after birth. Failure to survive is associated with lack of increase in plasma FFA concentrations, while glucose concentrations do not differ from those found in surviving lambs. These data suggest that sympathetic nervous system activity is responsible for the FFA elevation and that increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system or FFA mobilization is closely related to survival of the newborn lamb.

Postexercise Syncope: Evidence for Increased Activity of the Sympathetic Nervous System

Cardiology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Arad ◽  
Abraham Solomon ◽  
Arie Roth ◽  
Jacob Atsmon ◽  
Babeth Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Catecholamines and the control of metabolism in man

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Macdonald ◽  
T. Bennett ◽  
I. W. Fellows
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

Introduction: The physiological effects of catecholamines can result from a combination of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and secretion from the adrenal medulla. However, studies in the rat have revealed circumstances in which adrenal medullary secretion can occur at a time when the activity of the sympathetic nervous system is suppressed [1]; furthermore, in the lamb there may be variations in the relative amounts of noradrenaline and adrenaline secreted from the adrenal medulla [2]. It is not known whether such phenomena occur in man.

A17879 True resistance to antihypertensive treatment is not associated with increased activity of sympathetic nervous system

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. e251
Author(s):  
Pankaj Gupta ◽  
Vinoda Sharma ◽  
Branislav Strauch ◽  
Jiri Widimsky ◽  
Samantha Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Alterations in cardiovascular physiology in pathological states

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ewen ◽  
Saarraaken Kulenthiran ◽  
Felix Mahfoud
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiovascular Physiology ◽  
Main Contributor ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system has been identified as a main contributor to the development and maintenance of numerous cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, chronic heart failure, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and valve disorders. This chapter aims to give an overview of the pathophysiological background of these disorders.

Plasma NE concentrations do not accurately reflect sympathetic nervous system activity in human sepsis

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. E284-E288 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Leinhardt ◽  
J. Arnold ◽  
K. A. Shipley ◽  
M. M. Mughal ◽  
R. A. Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Human Sepsis ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poor Indicator ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Plasma norepinephrine concentrations ([NE]) when raised in patients with sepsis are thought to indicate increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). However, increased SNS activity may occur without a concomitant rise in plasma [NE]. Measurement of NE kinetics (clearance and spillover) is a more accurate and direct assessment of SNS activity. In the present study plasma [NE] and NE kinetics were measured in six patients with intra-abdominal sepsis (septic) using tritiated NE infused to achieve a plateau plasma concentration. The measurements were repeated in the same patients after they had recovered (nonseptic). NE clearance and spillover were both significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the septic compared with the nonseptic state. However, there was no statistically significant difference in plasma [NE] between the two conditions. Plasma [NE] indicates no alteration in SNS activity during the septic state, whereas NE kinetics indicate increased activity of the SNS during sepsis. The results suggest that plasma [NE] is a poor indicator of SNS activity during septic illness.

scholarly journals Sympathetic hyperactivity in patients with hypertension: pathogenesis and treatment. Part II

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 2845
Author(s):  
A. S. Safaryan ◽  
D. V. Nebieridze
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

The second part of the review considers different classes of drugs affecting blood pressure in increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Additional possibilities are discussed on how to reduce the negative effect of sympathetic hyperactivity on cardiovascular system and improve the prognosis.

Alterations in cardiovascular physiology in pathological states

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ewen ◽  
Saarraaken Kulenthiran ◽  
Felix Mahfoud
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiovascular Physiology ◽  
Main Contributor ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Increased Activity

Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system has been identified as a main contributor to the development and maintenance of numerous cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, chronic heart failure, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and valve disorders. This chapter aims to give an overview of the pathophysiological background of these disorders.

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