Maximization of the bioethanol concentration produced through the cardboard waste fermentation by using ethylenediamine-modifying poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) membrane

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania H. Taha ◽  
Tarek H. Taha ◽  
M. A. Abu-Saied ◽  
A. E. Mansy ◽  
Mervat A. Elsherif
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Poly Acrylonitrile

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Poly(acrylonitrile-co-Methyl Acrylate)/Lignin Nanofibers: Effects of Lignin Type and Total Polymer Concentration

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Suchitha Devadas ◽  
Saja M. Nabat Al-Ajrash ◽  
Donald A. Klosterman ◽  
Kenya M. Crosson ◽  
Garry S. Crosson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Polymer Content ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Blend Ratios ◽  
Poly Acrylonitrile

Lignin macromolecules are potential precursor materials for producing electrospun nanofibers for composite applications. However, little is known about the effect of lignin type and blend ratios with synthetic polymers. This study analyzed blends of poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (PAN-MA) with two types of commercially available lignin, low sulfonate (LSL) and alkali, kraft lignin (AL), in DMF solvent. The electrospinning and polymer blend solution conditions were optimized to produce thermally stable, smooth lignin-based nanofibers with total polymer content of up to 20 wt % in solution and a 50/50 blend weight ratio. Microscopy studies revealed that AL blends possess good solubility, miscibility, and dispersibility compared to LSL blends. Despite the lignin content or type, rheological studies demonstrated that PAN-MA concentration in solution dictated the blend’s viscosity. Smooth electrospun nanofibers were fabricated using AL depending upon the total polymer content and blend ratio. AL’s addition to PAN-MA did not affect the glass transition or degradation temperatures of the nanofibers compared to neat PAN-MA. We confirmed the presence of each lignin type within PAN-MA nanofibers through infrared spectroscopy. PAN-MA/AL nanofibers possessed similar morphological and thermal properties as PAN-MA; thus, these lignin-based nanofibers can replace PAN in future applications, including production of carbon fibers and supercapacitors.

Dynamic mechanical relaxations of electrospun poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) nanofibrous yarn

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (18) ◽  
pp. 2193-2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini ◽  
Ning Pan ◽  
Frank Ko
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Acrylate ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Polymorphic Transition ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Nanofibrous Yarn ◽  
Poly Acrylonitrile

The phase structure and dynamic mechanical properties of poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (P(AN-co-MA)) nanofibers collected in the form of twisted yarn via the two-nozzle conjugated electrospinning method were investigated to study the effects of solution concentration and take-up velocity on the relaxation behavior of nanofibers yarn. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction analyses of P(AN-co-MA) nanofibers show a two-phase structure of nanofibers consisting of crystalline and amorphous phases and polymorphic transition from hexagonal to orthorhombic. Heating P(AN-co-MA) nanofibers at over the glass transition temperature led to an increased degree of both crystallinity and crystallite size with no polymorphic change. Three transitions (tan δ peaks) were observed in nanofibrous yarn prepared at different spinning dope concentrations and take-up speeds, except for the specimen prepared at a concentration of 14 wt% and collecting speed of 8 cm/min, wherein no α transition was observed due to improved molecular orientation. The temperature dependence of the dynamic Young’s modulus of nanofibrous yarn at different spinning dope concentrations was mainly affected by the diameter of the nanofiber as the morphological property and molecular orientation. Take-up speed was found to affect the γ and α transitions more than the β transition. Moreover, the maximum storage modulus was obtained at a take-up speed of 8 cm/min at all over recorded temperatures.

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