Mowing and warming effects on grassland species richness and harvested biomass: meta-analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Piseddu ◽  
Gianni Bellocchi ◽  
Catherine Picon-Cochard
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Intraspecific trait variation drives grassland species richness and productivity under changing precipitation

Ecosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifeng Deng ◽  
Weixing Liu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Lin Jiang ◽  
Shaopeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation

scholarly journals Potential and Limitations of Grasslands α-Diversity Prediction Using Fine-Scale Hyperspectral Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2649
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali Imran ◽  
Damiano Gianelle ◽  
Michele Scotton ◽  
Duccio Rocchini ◽  
Michele Dalponte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Biodiversity Indices ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Diversity Metrics

Plant biodiversity is an important feature of grassland ecosystems, as it is related to the provision of many ecosystem services crucial for the human economy and well-being. Given the importance of grasslands, research has been carried out in recent years on the potential to monitor them with novel remote sensing techniques. In this study, the optical diversity (also called spectral diversity) approach was adopted to check the potential of using high-resolution hyperspectral images to estimate α-diversity in grassland ecosystems. In 2018 and 2019, grassland species composition was surveyed and canopy hyperspectral data were acquired at two grassland sites: Monte Bondone (IT-MBo; species-rich semi-natural grasslands) and an experimental farm of the University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua, Italy (IT-PD; artificially established grassland plots with a species-poor mixture). The relationship between biodiversity (species richness, Shannon’s, species evenness, and Simpson’s indices) and optical diversity metrics (coefficient of variation-CV and standard deviation-SD) was not consistent across the investigated grassland plant communities. Species richness could be estimated by optical diversity metrics with an R = 0.87 at the IT-PD species-poor site. In the more complex and species-rich grasslands at IT-MBo, the estimation of biodiversity indices was more difficult and the optical diversity metrics failed to estimate biodiversity as accurately as in IT-PD probably due to the higher number of species and the strong canopy spatial heterogeneity. Therefore, the results of the study confirmed the ability of spectral proxies to detect grassland α-diversity in man-made grassland ecosystems but highlighted the limitations of the spectral diversity approach to estimate biodiversity when natural grasslands are observed. Nevertheless, at IT-MBo, the optical diversity metric SD calculated from post-processed hyperspectral images and transformed spectra showed, in the red part of the spectrum, a significant correlation (up to R = 0.56, p = 0.004) with biodiversity indices. Spatial resampling highlighted that for the IT-PD sward the optimal optical pixel size was 1 cm, while for the IT-MBo natural grassland it was 1 mm. The random pixel extraction did not improve the performance of the optical diversity metrics at both study sites. Further research is needed to fully understand the links between α-diversity and spectral and biochemical heterogeneity in complex heterogeneous ecosystems, and to assess whether the optical diversity approach can be adopted at the spatial scale to detect β-diversity. Such insights will provide more robust information on the mechanisms linking grassland diversity and optical heterogeneity.

Understanding species richness–productivity relationships: the importance of meta-analyses

Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 2540-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Mittelbach
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Meta Analyses

Overlap in avian communities produces unimodal richness peaks on Bornean mountains

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Burner ◽  
Alison R. Styring ◽  
Chandradewana Boer ◽  
Frederick H. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Habitat Gradient ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Replicated Systems

Abstract:Altitudinal gradients provide tractable, replicated systems in which to study changes in species richness and community composition over relatively short distances. Previously, richness was often assumed to follow a monotonic decline with altitude, but recent meta-analyses show that more complex patterns, including mid-altitude richness peaks, are also prevalent in birds. In this study, we used point counts to survey birds at multiple altitudes on three mountains on the island of Borneo in Sundaland, an area for which quantitative analyses of avian altitudinal distribution are unavailable. In total we conducted 1088 point counts and collected associated habitat data at 527 locations to estimate species richness by altitude on Mt Mulu (2376 m), Mt Pueh (1550 m) and Mt Topap Oso (1450 m). On Mulu, the only mountain with an intact habitat gradient, bird species richness peaks at 600 m. Richness appeared to peak at 600 m on Totap Oso as well, but on Pueh it peaked several hundred metres higher. The richness peak on Mulu differs from that predicted by null models and is instead caused by the overlap of distinct lowland and montane avifaunas, supporting the faunal overlap hypothesis. This finding provides further evidence that a lack of coincidence between peak turnover and peak richness is not sufficient evidence to rule out faunal overlap as a causal factor.

REALISTICALLY LOW SPECIES EVENNESS DOES NOT ALTER GRASSLAND SPECIES-RICHNESS–PRODUCTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS

Ecology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 2693-2700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Wilsey ◽  
H. Wayne Polley
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Grassland Species

Impact of flooding on potential and realised grassland species richness

Plant Ecology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gerard ◽  
M. El Kahloun ◽  
W. Mertens ◽  
B. Verhagen ◽  
P. Meire
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Grassland Species

How is phenology of grassland species influenced by climate warming across a range of species richness?

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lemmens ◽  
H. Boeck ◽  
C. Zavalloni ◽  
I. Nijs ◽  
R. Ceulemans
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Grassland Species

Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-60
Author(s):  
Gary G. Mittelbach ◽  
Brian J. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
As Species ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Meta Analyses

This chapter examines the relationship between biodiversity (most often measured as species richness) and the functioning of ecosystems. Examined in detail are the effects of biodiversity on: ecosystem productivity, nutrient use and nutrient retention, community and ecosystem stability, and invasibility by exotic species. A careful look, over two decades, at experimental results and meta-analyses confirms the positive impact of species richness on productivity, ecosystem stability, and nutrient retention. Thus, we can confidently conclude that biodiversity matters to the healthy functioning of ecosystems, although we do not yet know how many species are needed to ensure the successful functioning of any given ecosystem. The chapter concludes with a discussion of six important, but unanswered question in the study of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Responses of grassland species richness to local and landscape factors depend on spatial scale and habitat specialization

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triin Reitalu ◽  
Oliver Purschke ◽  
Lotten J. Johansson ◽  
Karin Hall ◽  
Martin T. Sykes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Landscape Factors
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