Hormone therapy in transgender adults does not increase risk of diabetes

2022 ◽  
Vol 1889 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-6
2020 ◽  
pp. 223-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alesia V. Prakapenka ◽  
Veronica L. Peña ◽  
Heather A. Bimonte-Nelson

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that sex steroid hormones, such as estrogens and progestogens, impact nonreproductive behaviors such as cognitive function in women and nonhuman animals. In addition to cognitive alterations associated with the reproductive cycle in young females, endocrine changes in middle-aged and aged females can impact cognition in ways that may increase risk of dementia and neurodegenerative disease. As such, understanding how aging and reproductive senescence influence cognitive functions like memory, and whether hormone therapy can mitigate these effects, is extremely important to maintaining women’s mental health. This chapter reviews the endocrine changes that occur at reproductive senescence in women and rodents, describes rodent models of menopause and memory assessment and discusses the effects of various hormone therapies on learning and memory in aging females. Various factors influencing the effects of hormone therapy on cognition are discussed, as are considerations for future research.


1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Nahid Yasmin ◽  
Sayeeda Sultana ◽  
Shahin Akhter Jahan Habib

Background: Menopause is a natural biological process, not a medical illness. Although it is associated with hormonal, physical and psychosocial changes in life, it is not the end of youth or of sexuality. Several generations ago, few women lived beyond menopause, Today, women may spend as much as half of their life after menopause. Hormone therapy (HT) has been widely used in recent decades to relieve the signs and symptoms of menopause and - doctors thought- to prevent disease associated with aging. However, new long term evidence has demonstrated that hormone therapy may actually increase risk of serious health conditions, such as heart disease , breast cancer and stroke. Oestrogen therapy is still a safe, short -term option for some women, but numerous other therapies also are available to help women manage menopausal symptoms and stay healthy during this important phase of life.   DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v36i2.3612 Bangladesh Medical Journal 36(2) 2007 48-51


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