scholarly journals Ending the School-to-Prison Pipeline: Perception and Experience with Zero-Tolerance Policies and Interventions to Address Racial Inequality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kade-Ann K. Henry ◽  
Robyn M. Catagnus ◽  
Annette K. Griffith ◽  
Yors A. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline

scholarly journals Ending the School-to-Prison Pipeline: Perception and Experience with Zero-Tolerance Policies and Interventions to Address Racial Inequality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kade-Ann Henry ◽  
Robyn Catagnus ◽  
Annette Griffith ◽  
Yors Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Racial Inequality ◽  
School Discipline ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
School Professionals ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
American Schools

This study expands the current research on anti-Black racism and student discipline in schools. It examines perception, experiences, and alternatives of zero-tolerance policies in education, in relation to the call for action by Black Lives Matter at Schools. Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) students are impacted at a disproportionate rate when it comes to school discipline, leading to high, inequitable incarceration rates. However, behavior analysis already has powerful tools and interventions that can stop this ‘school-to-prison pipeline’ effect. A survey of school professionals investigated awareness of adverse outcomes from zero-tolerance policies and the use of effective, behavioral alternatives to exclusionary disciplinary practices. Results confirmed zero-tolerance policies still exist in North American schools, but that school professionals, including behavior analysts, support Black Lives Matter at School’s call to end such practices. Importantly, participants report already having the necessary skills to combat zero-tolerance; however, many still feel uncomfortable or ill-prepared to implement interventions specifically to decrease anti-Black racism in schools.

Disrupting the school-to-prison pipeline: Strategies to reduce the risk of school-based zero tolerance policies resulting in juvenile justice involvement.

2016 ◽  
pp. 257-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Daly ◽  
Aimee K. Hildenbrand ◽  
Emily Haney-Caron ◽  
Naomi E. S. Goldstein ◽  
Meghann Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
School Based

Impact of Zero Tolerance Policies on K-12 Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 416-432
Author(s):  
R. Neal McIntyre Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Lower Performing Students ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Out Of School

Since the mid-1990s, zero tolerance policies have been utilized in K-12 education as a means of addressing and deterring acts of violence on school grounds. While originally designed to address serious infractions, such as possession of weapons and drugs in schools, these policies have been expanded to include less serious offenses, such as fighting, absences, and other minor disturbances. Critics argue that this punitive approach has not only led to the inconsistent use and application of these policies but has also been used as a means of forcing lower performing students and minorities out of school by criminalizing minor acts thereby creating a school-to-prison pipeline. Research has identified that these policies are ineffective and has had a detrimental impact on kids both in school and beyond, yet they are still popular. This chapter examines these various issues and harmful consequences of zero tolerance while offering recommendations for schools to implement restorative justice practices, or a similar philosophy, in their response to wrongdoings by students.

“There Is No National without the Local”

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-88
Author(s):  
Mark R. Warren
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Federal Policy ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
State Level ◽  
African American Parents ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
National Movement ◽  
Holmes County

Chapter 3 charts the development of the movement to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline as a national movement with deep local roots. It documents the beginnings of the movement in places like Holmes County, Mississippi, where African American parents first raised the alarm. It shows how national actors played important roles in spreading local victories, while both strengthening local organizing and working to influence federal policy. It discusses the struggle in the Dignity in Schools Campaign to create a coalition in which community groups would have a majority say and keep the coalition focused on supporting local organizing rather than Washington politics. It charts the movement’s victories, shifting discourse away from zero tolerance and getting the federal government to issue guidelines warning against zero-tolerance discipline. These victories became resources to groups in local- and state-level campaigns, creating a rolling series of policy wins across the country.

Impact of Zero Tolerance Policies on K-12 Education

2019 ◽  
pp. 334-350
Author(s):  
R. Neal McIntyre Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Lower Performing Students ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Out Of School

Since the mid-1990s, zero tolerance policies have been utilized in K-12 education as a means of addressing and deterring acts of violence on school grounds. While originally designed to address serious infractions, such as possession of weapons and drugs in schools, these policies have been expanded to include less serious offenses, such as fighting, absences, and other minor disturbances. Critics argue that this punitive approach has not only led to the inconsistent use and application of these policies but has also been used as a means of forcing lower performing students and minorities out of school by criminalizing minor acts thereby creating a school-to-prison pipeline. Research has identified that these policies are ineffective and has had a detrimental impact on kids both in school and beyond, yet they are still popular. This chapter examines these various issues and harmful consequences of zero tolerance while offering recommendations for schools to implement restorative justice practices, or a similar philosophy, in their response to wrongdoings by students.

Bullying and Zero-Tolerance Policies: The School to Prison Pipeline

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin J. Berlowitz ◽  
Rinda Frye ◽  
Kelli M. Jette
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Racial Minority Students ◽  
Violent Behaviors

AbstractThe centrality of zero-tolerance policies as a component of anti-bullying strategies is the focus of this paper. A review of the literature of social justice advocates, journalists, and scholars reveals that zero-tolerance policies tend to push students out of public schools into the criminal justice system in a pattern of institutional racism. This phenomenon has come to be labeled the “school to prison pipeline.” Interviews with teachers and administrators reveal that they see no alternative to their implementation of zero-tolerance policies, because they believe that violent behaviors manifested by racial minority students are grounded in cultural norms beyond the control of public educators. The authors conclude that the “school to prison pipeline” can only be ameliorated by a program of radical reform.

School-to-Prison Pipeline

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Sheri Jenkins Keenan ◽  
Jeffrey P. Rush
Keyword(s):  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
School Funding ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Integral Role

Juvenile crime rates have declined steadily since 1994 (Nelson & Lind, 2015) and the number of youths in juvenile detention centers has dropped (Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2011; Hockenberry, 2014; Nelson & Lind, 2015; Smith, 1998); however, school discipline polices are moving in the other direction (Nelson & Lind, 2015). In recent years, the lines between the public school system and the juvenile justice system have become indistinct. There are several trends in K-12 education contributing to the school-to-prison pipeline such as declining school funding, resegregation of schools by race and class, under-representation of students of color in advanced placement, over-representation of student of color in special education, the creation and expansion of “zero-tolerance” policies, tracking, increased presence of SROs, No Child Left Behind (NCLB), standardized testing, and rising drop-out rates (Heitzeg et al., 2009). However, the focus here is the expansion and increased reliance on “zero-tolerance” policies and the use of the SRO to enforce those policies which play an immediate and integral role in feeding the school-to-prison pipeline.

Application Of Electron Microscopy To Automotive Finish Defect Analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
Martin J. Mahon ◽  
Patrick W. Keating ◽  
John T. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Defect Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Cutting Out ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
Automotive Finish

Coatings are applied to appliances, instruments and automobiles for a variety of reasons including corrosion protection and enhancement of market value. Automobile finishes are a highly complex blend of polymeric materials which have a definite impact on the eventual ability of a car to sell. Consumers report that the gloss of the finish is one of the major items they look for in an automobile.With the finish being such an important part of the automobile, there is a zero tolerance for paint defects by auto assembly plant management. Owing to the increased complexity of the paint matrix and its inability to be “forgiving” when foreign materials are introduced into a newly applied finish, the analysis of paint defects has taken on unparalleled importance. Scanning electron microscopy with its attendant x-ray analysis capability is the premier method of examining defects and attempting to identify their root cause.Defects are normally examined by cutting out a coupon sized portion of the autobody and viewing in an SEM at various angles.

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