An Examination of the Components of Toxic Stress in Childhood and Biological Markers of Physical Health in Emerging Adulthood

Author(s):  
Amber E. Krushas ◽  
Joseph A. Schwartz
Author(s):  
Yasmine Mohamed Elsaeid ◽  
Dina Elmetwally ◽  
Salwa Mohamed Eteba

Abstract Background This prospective study included 65 female patients with primary breast cancer. Ultrasound was performed for all patients. Ultrasound findings were analyzed according to the ACR BI-RADS lexicon 5th edition and correlated with tumor type, grade, and biological markers (ER, PR, HER-2/neu, and Ki67). The purpose of this study is to assess the association between ultrasound findings, tumor type, grade, and the state of biological markers in patients with breast cancer. Results Irregular shape and speculated margins are more frequently associated with invasive duct carcinoma than DCIS (p value < 0.001). There were no association between the ultrasound findings (shape, margin, orientation, echopattern, and posterior features) and the tumor grade (p value 1.0, 0, 0.544, 1.0, and 1.0), respectively. Irregular shape is more frequently seen in ER and PR positive breast cancers (p value = 0.036 and 0.026, respectively). Non-circumscribed margins were frequently seen in PR positive breast cancers (p value = 0.068). No statistically significant difference between US descriptors and HER-2/neu-positive cases. Conclusion Irregularly shaped tumors with speculated margins are frequently seen in invasive duct carcinoma and also more frequently seen in ER-, PR-, and Ki67-positive cases. No relation between ultrasound descriptors and the tumor grade of invasive duct carcinoma. Also, there were no relation between ultrasound descriptors and the state of HER-2/neu.


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Etienne Khoury ◽  
Diane Brisson ◽  
Nathalie Roy ◽  
Karine Tremblay ◽  
Gérald Tremblay ◽  
...  

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kawamata ◽  
Masayuki Azuma ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Yura ◽  
Hideo Yoshida ◽  
...  

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih M. Awad-El-Kariem ◽  
Heidi A. Robinson ◽  
Franz Petry ◽  
Vincent McDonald ◽  
David Evans ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (s1) ◽  
pp. S171-S191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Lista ◽  
Jose L. Molinuevo ◽  
Enrica Cavedo ◽  
Lorena Rami ◽  
Philippe Amouyel ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 205920431774574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Rosie Perkins

Among mammals who invest in the production of a relatively small number of offspring, bonding is a critical strategy for survival. Mother–infant bonding among humans is not only linked with the infant’s survival but also with a range of protective psychological, biological, and behavioral responses in both mothers and infants in the post-birth period and across the life span. Anthropological theories suggest that one behavior that may have evolved with the aim of enhancing mother–infant bonding is infant-directed singing. However, to date, despite mother–infant singing being practiced across cultures, there remains little quantitative demonstration of any effects on mothers or their perceived closeness to their infants. This within-subjects study, comparing the effects of mother–infant singing with other mother–infant interactions among 43 mothers and their infants, shows that singing is associated with greater increases in maternal perceptions of emotional closeness in comparison to social interactions. Mother–infant singing is also associated with greater increases in positive affect and greater decreases in negative affect as well as greater decreases in both psychological and biological markers of anxiety. This supports previous findings about the effects of singing on closeness and social bonding in other populations. Furthermore, associations between changes in closeness and both affect and anxiety support previous research suggesting associations between closeness, bonding, and wider mental health.


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