clinicopathological parameters
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2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingyun Guo ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Weiping Tao ◽  
Weiguo Dong

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are heterogeneous, and the current predictive models for LGG are either unsatisfactory or not user-friendly. The objective of this study was to establish a nomogram based on methylation-driven genes, combined with clinicopathological parameters for predicting prognosis in LGG. Differential expression, methylation correlation, and survival analysis were performed in 516 LGG patients using RNA and methylation sequencing data, with accompanying clinicopathological parameters from The Cancer Genome Atlas. LASSO regression was further applied to select optimal prognosis-related genes. The final prognostic nomogram was implemented together with prognostic clinicopathological parameters. The predictive efficiency of the nomogram was internally validated in training and testing groups, and externally validated in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database. Three DNA methylation-driven genes, ARL9, CMYA5, and STEAP3, were identified as independent prognostic factors. Together with IDH1 mutation status, age, and sex, the final prognostic nomogram achieved the highest AUC value of 0.930, and demonstrated stable consistency in both internal and external validations. The prognostic nomogram could predict personal survival probabilities for patients with LGG, and serve as a user-friendly tool for prognostic evaluation, optimizing therapeutic regimes, and managing LGG patients.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Qiao ◽  
Jinling Ba ◽  
Jiping Xie ◽  
Ruiping Zhu ◽  
Yi Wan ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: PDZ-binding kinase/T lymphokine-activated killer cell-derived protein kinase (PBK/TOPK) is a potential prognostic indicator for patients with breast cancer. The objective of the present study was to explore the relationship between PBK/TOPK expression and clinicopathological indicators as well as the survival of patients with breast cancer.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of PBK/TOPK in 202 cases of breast cancer tissues. The relationship between PBK/TOPK and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated using Spearman's rank-order correlation. The difference in PBK/TOPK expression among different molecular types was analyzed with the chi square test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to create a survival curve and the log rank test was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Prognostic correlation was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Results: Among 202 breast cancer samples, PBK/TOPK was expressed ('+' and '++') in 182 samples (90.1%). In addition, the histological grade, TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 were positively associated with PBK/TOPK expression. With regard to the molecular type, the expression of PBK/TOPK is different. The expression level of PBK/TOPK was negatively correlated with both the OS and DFS of breast cancer patients. The difference in the above results is meaningful (P<0.05).Conclusions: PBK/TOPK is over-expressed in breast cancer and the expression is closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics of the disease. Breast cancer patients with high expression of PBK/TOPK have a poor prognosis. Therefore, health care providers can optimize breast cancer management using this indicator.


2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Hsuan Alan Chen ◽  
Chao-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Chi-Ping Huang ◽  
Wen-Jeng Wu ◽  
Ching-Chia Li ◽  
...  

BackgroundTaiwan is one of the endemic regions where upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) accounts for approximately a third of all urothelial tumors. Owing to its high prevalence, extensive experience has been accumulated in minimally invasive radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Although a variety of predictive factors have been explored in numerous studies, most of them were on a single-center or limited institutional basis and data from a domestic cohort are lacking.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify significant predicting factors of oncological outcomes, including overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS), and intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS), following RNU for UTUC in Taiwan.MethodsA multicenter registry database, Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group, was utilized to analyze oncological outcomes of 3,333 patients undergoing RNU from 1988 to 2021 among various hospitals in Taiwan. Clinicopathological parameters were recorded according to the principles established by consensus meetings. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was utilized to estimate the survival rates, and the curves were compared using the stratified log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Cox proportional hazard model to explore potential predicting factors.ResultsWith a median follow-up of 41.8 months in 1,808 patients with complete information, the 5-year IVRFS, DFS, CSS, and OS probabilities were 66%, 72%, 81%, and 70%, respectively. In total, 482 patients experienced intravesical recurrence, 307 died of UTUC, and 583 died of any cause. Gender predominance was female (57%). A total of 1,531 patients (84.7%) had high-grade tumors; preoperative hydronephrosis presented in 1,094 patients (60.5%). Synchronous bladder UC was identified in 292 patients (16.2%). Minimally invasive procedures accounted for 78.8% of all surgeries, including 768 hand-assisted laparoscopic (42.5%) and 494 laparoscopic (27.3%) approaches. Synchronous bladder UC was the dominant adverse predicting factor for all survival outcomes. Other independent predicting factors for OS, CSS, and DFS included age ≧70, presence of preoperative hydronephrosis, positive surgical margin, LVI, pathological T and N staging, and laparoscopic RNU.ConclusionSynchronous UC of the urinary bladder is an independent adverse prognostic factor for survival in UTUC. The presence of preoperative hydronephrosis was also corroborated as a disadvantageous prognostic factor. Our multivariate analysis suggested that laparoscopic RNU might provide better oncological control.


2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhui Liu ◽  
Weiyu Zhang ◽  
Huanrui Wang ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Kexin Xu

BackgroundPrevious reports have shown that short/branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADSB) plays an important role in glioma, but its role in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been reported.MethodsThe TIMER and UALCAN databases were used for pan-cancer analysis. RNA sequencing and microarray data of patients with ccRCC were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differential expression of ACADSB in ccRCC and normal kidney tissues was tested. Correlations between ACADSB expression and clinicopathological parameters were assessed using the Wilcoxon test. The influences of ACADSB expression and clinicopathological parameters on overall survival were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the associated gene sets enriched in different ACADSB expression phenotypes. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed on genes with similar expression patterns to ACADSB. Correlations between ACADSB and ferroptosis-related genes were assessed using Spearman’s correlation analysis.ResultsPan-cancer analysis revealed that ACADSB is down-regulated in multiple cancers, and decreased expression of ACADSB correlates with poor prognosis in certain types of cancer. Differential expression analyses revealed that ACADSB was down-regulated in ccRCC, indicating that ACADSB expression could be a single significant parameter to discriminate between normal and tumor tissues. Clinical association analysis indicated that decreased ACADSB expression was associated with high tumor stage and grade. The Cox regression model indicated that low ACADSB expression was an independent risk factor for the overall survival of patients with ccRCC. GSEA showed that 10 gene sets, including fatty acid (FA) metabolism, were differentially enriched in the ACADSB high expression phenotype. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that ACADSB-related genes were significantly enriched in categories related to FA metabolism, branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, and iron regulation. Spearman’s correlation analysis suggested that the expression of ACADSB was positively correlated with the expression of ferroptosis driver genes.ConclusionsACADSB showed good diagnostic and prognostic abilities for ccRCC. The downregulation of ACADSB might promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression by inhibiting FA catabolism, BCAA catabolism, and ferroptosis in ccRCC.


BMC Cancer ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Tian ◽  
Shuping Dong ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Shilei Gao ◽  
Yonghao Yang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background There is increasing evidence that combination therapy with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor is safe and efficacious in treating many types of malignant tumors. However, clinical data demonstrating the effect of this treatment combination for patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) are currently limited. Methods The clinical data of patients with metastatic STS who received nab-paclitaxel plus PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab) therapy between January 2019 and February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The effectiveness and safety of the combined treatment were evaluated in terms of the median progression-free survival (PFS), estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. The univariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the relationship between clinicopathological parameters and PFS. All statistical analyses were two-sided; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 28 patients treated with nab-paclitaxel plus sintilimab were enrolled in this study. The objective response rate was 25%, the disease control rate was 50%, and the median PFS was 2.25 months (95% CI = 1.8–3.0 months). The most common grade 1 or 2 adverse events (AEs) were alopecia (89.3%; 25/28), leukopenia (25.0%; 7/28), fatigue (21.4%; 6/28), anemia (21.4%; 6/28), and nausea (21.4%; 6/28). The most common grade 3 AEs were neutropenia (10.7%; 3/28) and peripheral neuropathy (10.7%; 3/28). No grade 4 AEs were observed. Among the present study cohort, patients with angiosarcoma (n = 5) had significantly longer PFS (P = 0.012) than patients with other pathological subtypes, including undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (n = 7), epithelioid sarcoma (n = 5), fibrosarcoma (n = 4), synovial sarcoma (n = 3), leiomyosarcoma (n = 2), pleomorphic liposarcoma (n = 1), and rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 1); those who experienced three or more AEs had significantly longer median PFS than those who experienced less than three AEs (P = 0.018). Conclusion Nab-paclitaxel plus PD-1 inhibitor is a promising treatment regimen for advanced STS. Randomized controlled clinical trials are required to further demonstrate its efficacy and optimal application scenario.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
Yumei Fan ◽  
Xiaopeng Liu ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Yanan Shang ◽  
...  

Heat shock factor 2 (HSF2), a transcription factor, plays significant roles in corticogenesis and spermatogenesis by regulating various target genes and signaling pathways. However, its expression, clinical significance and correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells across cancers have rarely been explored. In the present study, we comprehensively investigated the expression dysregulation and prognostic significance of HSF2, and the relationship with clinicopathological parameters and immune infiltration across cancers. The mRNA expression status of HSF2 was analyzed by TCGA, GTEx, and CCLE. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were applied to explore the prognostic significance of HSF2 in different cancers. The relationship between HSF2 expression and DNA methylation, immune infiltration of different immune cells, immune checkpoints, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were analyzed using data directly from the TCGA database. HSF2 expression was dysregulated in the human pan-cancer dataset. High expression of HSF2 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in BRCA, KIRP, LIHC, and MESO but correlated with favorable OS in LAML, KIRC, and PAAD. The results of Cox regression and nomogram analyses revealed that HSF2 was an independent factor for KIRP, ACC, and LIHC prognosis. GO, KEGG, and GSEA results indicated that HSF2 was involved in various oncogenesis- and immunity-related signaling pathways. HSF2 expression was associated with TMB in 9 cancer types and associated with MSI in 5 cancer types, while there was a correlation between HSF2 expression and DNA methylation in 27 types of cancer. Additionally, HSF2 expression was correlated with immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and the tumor immune microenvironment in various cancers, indicating that HSF2 could be a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy. Our findings revealed the important roles of HSF2 across different cancer types.


2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Kalantari ◽  
Tahereh Taheri ◽  
Saba Fata ◽  
Maryam Abolhasani ◽  
Mitra Mehrazma ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The crucial oncogenic role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor maintenance, progression, drug resistance, and relapse has been clarified in different cancers, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). The current study was conducted to evaluate the co-expression pattern and clinical significance of epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion (CD166 or ALCAM) in CRC patients. Methods This study was carried out on 458 paraffin-embedded CRC specimens by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray (TMA) slides. Results Elevated expression of EpCAM and CD166 was observed in 61.5% (246/427) and 40.5% (164/405) of CRC cases. Our analysis showed a significant positive association of EpCAM expression with tumor size (P = 0.02), tumor stage (P = 0.007), tumor differentiate (P = 0.005), vascular (P = 0.01), neural (P = 0.01), and lymph node (P = 0.001) invasion. There were no significant differences between CD166 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, the combined analysis demonstrated a reciprocal significant correlation between EpCAM and CD166 expression (P = 0.02). Interestingly, there was a significant positive correlation between EpCAM/CD166 phenotypes expression and tumor stage (P = 0.03), tumor differentiation (P = 0.05), neural, and lymph node invasion (P =0.01). Conclusions The significant correlation of EpCAM and CD166 expression and their association with tumor progression and aggressive behavior is the reason for the suggestion of these two CSC markers as promising targets to promote novel effective targeted-therapy strategies for cancer treatment in the present study.


Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kula ◽  
Miriam Dawidowicz ◽  
Sylwia Mielcarska ◽  
Paweł Kiczmer ◽  
Magdalena Chrabańska ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: To assess the periostin level and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNFα, IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-17 in tumor and marginal tissues of CRC and to investigate the influence of periostin on angiogenesis by MVD (microvessel density) and concentration of VEGF-A in relation to clinicopathological parameters of patients. Materials and Methods: The study used 47 samples of tumor and margin tissues derived from CRC patients. To determinate the concentration of periostin, VEGF-A, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1β and IL-17, we used the commercially available enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay kit. MVD was assessed on CD34-stained specimens. The MVD and budding were assessed using a light microscope Results: We found significantly higher concentrations of periostin, VEGF-A, IFN-γ, IL-1 β, IL-17 and TNFα in the tumor samples compared with surgical tissue margins. The tumor concentrations of periostin were correlated with tumor levels of VEGF-A, IFN-γ, IL-1β and TNFα. We observed significant correlation between margin periostin and VEGF-A, IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNFα in tumor and margin specimens. Additionally, we found a significantly negative correlation between periostin tumor concentration and microvessel density at the invasive front. Tumor periostin levels were also correlated positively with tumor budding. Conclusions: Periostin activity may be associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine levels: TNFα, IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-17. Our results also suggest the role of periostin in angiogenesis in CRC and its upregulation in poorly vascularized tumors. Further research on the regulations between periostin and cytokines are necessary to understand the interactions between tumor and immune tumor microenvironment, which could be helpful in the development of new targeted therapy.


2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Kong ◽  
Qianming Bai ◽  
Anqi Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhou ◽  
Wentao Yang

Abstract Background According to 2018 ASCO/CAP guideline, HER2 FISH-equivocal breast cancers will be categorized as HER2 negative except those with IHC 3+. However, whether or not HER2 FISH-equivocal breast cancers was a heterogeneous group has not been well illustrated. Methods 195 HER2 FISH-equivocal breast cancer samples were collected from 2014 to 2018. The molecular subtype was identified according to 2013 St Gallen consensus, and HER2 status was also re-determined following 2018 ASCO/CAP guideline. All samples were classified into 4 groups according to the average HER2 copy number (4.0–4.4, 4.5–4.9, 5.0–5.4, 5.5–5.9 signals/cell). The relationship between HER2 copy number and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Results 183 (93.8%) of 195 FISH-equivocal cases were classified as luminal-like subtype, while the other 12 (6.2%) were undetermined. Following 2018 ASCO/CAP guideline, all FISH-equivocal cases were recategorized as HER2 negative. Therefore, 31(15.9%) cases were luminal A-like, 152 (77.9%) were luminal B-like (HER2 negative) and 12 (6.2%) were triple negative. The average HER2 copy number showed a positive correlation with chromosome 17 polysomy, but had no significant association with other clinicopathological parameters as well as prognosis. 17 (8.7%) patients were treated with trastuzumab, but showed no difference in prognosis with those who didn’t receive targeted therapy. Conclusions In this study, all HER2 FISH-equivocal breast cancers were recategorized as HER2 negative according to 2018 ASCO/CAP guideline. Most of these patients were luminal B-like (HER2 negative). The average HER2 copy number had no significant association with clinicopathological parameters, as well as prognosis.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomi Lu ◽  
Lili Shao ◽  
Ye Qian ◽  
Sixun Zhong ◽  
Jinhong Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract The aim of the study was to explore the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH7 in the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism.Western blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression of MARCH7 in NSCLC cancer tissues was higher than that in paracancerous tissues. Tissue microarray staining results and clinicopathological parameters of NSCLC patients revealed that MARCH7 expression was closely related to TNM stage, degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses and survival curve analysis showed that high expression of MARCH7 was associated with poor prognosis.In vitro, siRNA was constructed and transfected into A549 cells to inhibit the expression of MARCH7. The CCK-8 assay indicated that the growth rate of tumor cells in the interference group was reduced. The number of colonies and cells in the interference group decreased in the plate clone formation experiment. Flow cytometry showed that G0/G1 phase cells were predominantly increased after blocking endogenous MARCH7 expression, and G0/G1 phase arrest occurred in A549 cells. The reporter gene activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was reduced, as validated by a double luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of NF-κB P50, NF-κB P65 and β-catenin was decreased, while the expression of E-cadherin was elevated.In vivo, MARCH7-overexpressing virus was constructed and transfected into A549 cells and then subcutaneously injected into nude mice. It was demonstrated that the tumor volume was significantly larger in the MARCH7 overexpression group than in the control nude mice during the same period. Elevated expression of PCNA and Ki-67 was observed in the tumor mass of the MARCH7 overexpression group, as measured by immunohistochemical analysis, accompanied by enhanced levels of NF-κB P50, NF-κB P65 and β-catenin, as detected by Western blot. These results provide a new idea for the experimental basis for the treatment of NSCLC in the future.


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