scholarly journals PIC methods in astrophysics: simulations of relativistic jets and kinetic physics in astrophysical systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nishikawa ◽  
Ioana Duţan ◽  
Christoph Köhn ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Physics ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Astrophysical Plasmas ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pic Method

AbstractThe Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has been developed by Oscar Buneman, Charles Birdsall, Roger W. Hockney, and John Dawson in the 1950s and, with the advances of computing power, has been further developed for several fields such as astrophysical, magnetospheric as well as solar plasmas and recently also for atmospheric and laser-plasma physics. Currently more than 15 semi-public PIC codes are available which we discuss in this review. Its applications have grown extensively with increasing computing power available on high performance computing facilities around the world. These systems allow the study of various topics of astrophysical plasmas, such as magnetic reconnection, pulsars and black hole magnetosphere, non-relativistic and relativistic shocks, relativistic jets, and laser-plasma physics. We review a plethora of astrophysical phenomena such as relativistic jets, instabilities, magnetic reconnection, pulsars, as well as PIC simulations of laser-plasma physics (until 2021) emphasizing the physics involved in the simulations. Finally, we give an outlook of the future simulations of jets associated to neutron stars, black holes and their merging and discuss the future of PIC simulations in the light of petascale and exascale computing.

scholarly journals Relativistic Jet Simulations of the Weibel Instability in the Slab Model to Cylindrical Jets with Helical Magnetic Fields

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nishikawa ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Jose L. Gomez ◽  
Ioana Dutan ◽  
Athina Meli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Astrophysical Plasmas ◽  
Weibel Instability ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Relativistic Shocks ◽  
Relativistic Jet ◽  
The Us ◽  
Solar Plasmas ◽  
Pic Method

The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has been developed in order to investigate microscopic phenomena, and with the advances of computing power, newly developed codes have been used for several fields such as astrophysical, magnetospheric, and solar plasmas. Its applications have grown extensively with large computing powers available such as Pleiades and Blue Water systems in the US. For astrophysical plasmas research PIC method has been utilized in several topics such as reconnection, pulsar, non-relativistic shocks, relativistic shocks, relativistic jets, etc. As one of the research topics in astrophysics, PIC simulations of relativistic jets are reviewed up to the present time with the emphasis on the physics involved in the simulations. In this review we summarize PIC simulations starting with the Weibel instability in slab models of jets and then, continuing with recent progresses on global jets with helical magnetic fields including kinetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities and mushroom instabilities.

Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Fast Magnetic Reconnection in Laser-Plasma Interaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 045201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze-Chen Zhang ◽  
Quan-Ming Lu ◽  
Quan-Li Dong ◽  
San Lu ◽  
Can Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Plasma Interaction ◽  
Laser Plasma Interaction ◽  
Particle In Cell

Particle-in-cell simulations of magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma experiments on Shenguang-II facility

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 112110 ◽  
Author(s):  
San Lu ◽  
Quanming Lu ◽  
Quanli Dong ◽  
Can Huang ◽  
Shui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Particle In Cell

scholarly journals Relativistic Jet Simulations of the Weibel Instability in the Slab Model to Cylindrical Jets with Helical Magnetic Fields

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Nishikawa ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Jose l. Gomez ◽  
Ioana Dutan ◽  
Athina Meli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Weibel Instability ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Relativistic Shocks ◽  
Relativistic Jet ◽  
The Us ◽  
Field Geometry ◽  
Solar Plasmas ◽  
Pic Method ◽  
Helical Magnetic Field

The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has been developed in order to investigate microscopic phenomena, and with the advances of computing power, newly developed codes have been used for several fields such as astrophysical, magnetospheric, and solar plasmas. PIC applications have grown extensively with large computing powers available on supercomputers such as Pleiades and Blue Waters in the US. For astrophysical plasma research PIC methods have been utilized for several topics such as reconnection, pulsar dynamics, non-relativistic shocks, relativistic shocks, relativistic jets, etc. PIC simulations of relativistic jets have been reviewed with the emphasis on the physics involved in the simulations. This review summarizes PIC simulations, starting with the Weibel instability in slab models of jets, and then focuses on global jet evolution in helical magnetic field geometry. In particular we address kinetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities and mushroom instabilities.

scholarly journals Rapid particle acceleration due to recollimation shocks and turbulent magnetic fields in injected jets with helical magnetic fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 493 (2) ◽  
pp. 2652-2658
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nishikawa ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Jose L Gómez ◽  
Ioana Duţan ◽  
Jacek Niemiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Linear Stage ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Helical Magnetic Field ◽  
Kinetic Instabilities ◽  
Key Questions

ABSTRACT One of the key questions in the study of relativistic jets is how magnetic reconnection occurs and whether it can effectively accelerate electrons in the jet. We performed 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of a relativistic electron–proton jet of relatively large radius that carries a helical magnetic field. We focused our investigation on the interaction between the jet and the ambient plasma and explore how the helical magnetic field affects the excitation of kinetic instabilities such as the Weibel instability (WI), the kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (kKHI), and the mushroom instability (MI). In our simulations these kinetic instabilities are indeed excited, and particles are accelerated. At the linear stage we observe recollimation shocks near the centre of the jet. As the electron–proton jet evolves into the deep non-linear stage, the helical magnetic field becomes untangled due to reconnection-like phenomena, and electrons are repeatedly accelerated as they encounter magnetic-reconnection events in the turbulent magnetic field.

scholarly journals Relativistic Jet Simulations of the Weibel Instability in the Slab Model to Cylindrical Jets with Helical Magnetic Fields

Galaxies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Nishikawa ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno ◽  
Jose Gómez ◽  
Ioana Duţan ◽  
Athina Meli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Weibel Instability ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Relativistic Shocks ◽  
Relativistic Jet ◽  
The Us ◽  
Field Geometry ◽  
Solar Plasmas ◽  
Pic Method ◽  
Helical Magnetic Field

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method was developed to investigate microscopic phenomena, and with the advances in computing power, newly developed codes have been used for several fields, such as astrophysical, magnetospheric, and solar plasmas. PIC applications have grown extensively, with large computing powers available on supercomputers such as Pleiades and Blue Waters in the US. For astrophysical plasma research, PIC methods have been utilized for several topics, such as reconnection, pulsar dynamics, non-relativistic shocks, relativistic shocks, and relativistic jets. PIC simulations of relativistic jets have been reviewed with emphasis placed on the physics involved in the simulations. This review summarizes PIC simulations, starting with the Weibel instability in slab models of jets, and then focuses on global jet evolution in helical magnetic field geometry. In particular, we address kinetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities and mushroom instabilities.

Hierarchical porous CeO2 micro rice supported Ni foam binder free electrode and its enhanced pseudocapacitor performance by redox additive electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunpandiyan Surulinathan ◽  
Raja Annamalai ◽  
Vinoth S ◽  
Alagarsamy Pandikumar ◽  
Ayyaswamy Arivarasan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ni Foam ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
The Future ◽  
Binder Free ◽  
Supported Ni

Developing high-performance, robust, and economic supercapacitor is a promising path to the future electric vehicle’s technology. Herein, a hierarchically porous CeO2 micro rice was attached on the Ni foam surface...

scholarly journals Laser plasma physics in shock ignition – transition from collisional to collisionless absorption

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 05008 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Klimo ◽  
V. T. Tikhonchuk ◽  
X. Ribeyre ◽  
G. Schurtz ◽  
C. Riconda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Physics ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Shock Ignition
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