Associations between three-dimensional measurements of the spinal deformity and preoperative SRS-22 scores in patients undergoing surgery for major thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260
Author(s):  
Masayuki Ohashi ◽  
◽  
Tracey P. Bastrom ◽  
Carrie E. Bartley ◽  
Burt Yaszay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Measurements

scholarly journals 3D Deformation Patterns of S Shaped Elastic Rods as a Pathogenesis Model for Spinal Deformity in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Sagittal Profile ◽  
Elastic Rods ◽  
3D Deformation ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Abstract Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional (3D) deformity of the spinal column in pediatric population. The primary cause of scoliosis remains unknown. The lack of such understanding has hampered development of effective preventive methods for management of this disease. A long-held assumption in pathogenesis of AIS is that the upright spine in human plays an important role in induction of scoliosis. Here, the variations in the sagittal curve of the scoliotic and non-scoliotic pediatric spines were used to study whether specific sagittal curves, under physiological loadings, are prone to 3D deformation leading to scoliosis. To this end, finite element models of the S shaped elastic rods, which their curves were derived from the radiographs of 129 sagittal spinal curves of adolescents with and without scoliosis, were generated. Using the mechanics of deformation in elastic rods, this study showed that the 3D deformation patterns of the two-dimensional S shaped slender elastic rods mimics the 3D patterns of the spinal deformity in AIS patients with the same S shaped sagittal spinal curve. On the other hand, the rods representing the non-scoliotic sagittal spinal curves, under the same mechanical loading, did not twist thus did not lead to a 3D deformation. This study provided strong evidence that the shape of the sagittal profile in individuals can be a leading cause of the 3D spinal deformity as is observed in the AIS population.

scholarly journals Specific sagittal alignment patterns are already present in mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom P. C. Schlösser ◽  
René M. Castelein ◽  
Pierre Grobost ◽  
Suken A. Shah ◽  
Kariman Abelin-Genevois
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sagittal Profile ◽  
Thoracolumbar Kyphosis ◽  
C7 Slope ◽  
Sagittal Malalignment

Abstract Purpose The complex three-dimensional spinal deformity in AIS consists of rotated, lordotic apical areas and neutral junctional zones that modify the spine’s sagittal profile. Recently, three specific patterns of thoracic sagittal ‘malalignment’ were described for severe AIS. The aim of this study is to define whether specific patterns of pathological sagittal alignment are already present in mild AIS. Methods Lateral spinal radiographs of 192 mild (10°–20°) and 253 severe (> 45°) AIS patients and 156 controls were derived from an international consortium. Kyphosis characteristics (T4–T12 thoracic kyphosis, T10–L2 angle, C7 slope, location of the apex of kyphosis and of the inflection point) and sagittal curve types according to Abelin-Genevois were systematically compared between the three cohorts. Results Even in mild thoracic AIS, already 49% of the curves presented sagittal malalignment, mostly thoracic hypokyphosis, whereas only 13% of the (thoraco) lumbar curves and 6% of the nonscoliosis adolescents were hypokyphotic. In severe AIS, 63% had a sagittal malalignment. Hypokyphosis + thoracolumbar kyphosis occurred more frequently in high-PI and primary lumbar curves, whereas cervicothoracic kyphosis occurred more in double thoracic curves. Conclusions Pathological sagittal patterns are often already present in curves 10°–20°, whereas those are rare in non-scoliotic adolescents. This suggests that sagittal ‘malalignment’ patterns are an integral part of the early pathogenesis of AIS.

scholarly journals THE ETIOLOGIC RELEVANCE OF 3-D PATHOANATOMY OF ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Tom Schlösser ◽  
Rob Brink ◽  
René Castelein
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Biomechanical Loading ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Despite many years of dedicated research into the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, there is still no single distinct cause for this puzzling condition. In this overview, we attempt to link knowledge on the complex three-dimensional pathoanatomy of AIS, based on our ongoing research in this field, with etiopathogenic questions. Evidence from multiple recent cross-sectional imaging studies is provided that supports the hypothesis that AIS has an intrinsic biomechanical basis: an imbalance between the biomechanical loading of the upright human spine due to its unique sagittal configuration on the one hand, and the body’s compensating mechanisms on the other. The question that remains in the etiology of AIS, and the focus of our ongoing research, is to determine what causes or induces this imbalance.

scholarly journals Association of Circulating YKL-40 Levels and CHI3L1 Variants with the Risk of Spinal Deformity Progression in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Nada ◽  
Cédric Julien ◽  
Pierre H. Rompré ◽  
Marie-Yvonne Akoume ◽  
Kristen F. Gorman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Deformity Progression

scholarly journals Analysis of Proximal Femoral Parameters in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máté Burkus ◽  
Ádám T. Schlégl ◽  
Kristóf József ◽  
Ian O’Sullivan ◽  
István Márkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Mechanical Axis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Shaft Angle ◽  
Spinal Abnormality ◽  
Lower Neck ◽  
Femoral Mechanical Axis

Background. Assessment of the proximal femoral parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using three-dimensional radiological image reconstructions may allow better characterization than conventional techniques. Methods. EOS 3D reconstructions of spines and femurs of 320 scoliotic patients (10-18 years old) and 350 control children lacking spinal abnormality were performed and 6 proximal femoral parameters measured. Results. Individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis showed a small but statistically significant decrease in neck shaft angle (average difference=2.58°) and a higher (0.22°) femoral mechanical axis–femoral shaft angle. When the two sides were compared based on curve direction, greater changes in the neck shaft angle and femoral mechanical axis–femoral shaft angle were found on the side of the convexity. Conclusions. Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were found to have a small but significantly lower neck shaft angle and higher femoral mechanical axis–femoral shaft angle, which related to the curve direction. This is postulated to be due to mechanical compensation for altered balance and centre of gravity associated with a scoliosis deformity, although the observed difference likely has negligible clinical effect.

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