Toxic and reproductive effects of the soluble organic fraction from diesel particulate emissions on the parasitoid wasp, Bracon hebetor

1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Petters ◽  
Richard V. Mettus ◽  
Joseph N. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Bracon Hebetor ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Soluble Organic Fraction

The mutagenic and SOS-inducing potential of the soluble organic fraction collected from diesel particulate emissions

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dukovich ◽  
R. E. Yasbin ◽  
S. S. Lestz ◽  
T. H. Risby ◽  
R. B. Zweidinger
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Soluble Organic Fraction

Application of Methods for Determining Total Organic Contribution to Diesel Particulates

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Organic Analysis ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Hot Start

This paper describes the laboratory effort to relate quantities of diesel particulate volatile organics obtained by DFI/GC™ to those obtained by traditional methods of organic analysis. Experiments were designed to investigate the potential usefulness of DFI/GC for determining the organic fraction and unburned lubricating oil contributions of diesel particulate emissions for future technology engines. A 1991 Caterpillar 3176 was used to generate samples during several heavy-duty engine test cycles, including the cold- and hot-start transient FTP and several steady-state conditions. Particulate-laden filter samples were then analyzed for organics by DFI/GC, solvent extraction, and vacuum volatilization. Results obtained using the three techniques were compared using statistical analysis techniques. Results showed that DFI/GC is extremely useful for directly determining the organic fraction of diesel particulate, and provides a better estimation of unburned lubricating oil contribution to the organic fraction than the other methods evaluated.

Experimental Investigation on the Control of Particulate Emissions Using Cera Fiber Filter in a DI Diesel Engine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Annamalai ◽  
K. Jeyachadran
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Ceramic Fiber ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Soluble Organic Fraction ◽  
Fiber Filter

Diesel engines are gaining importance in recent years because of its efficiency. But diesel particulates which are extremely small in size (0.1–1.0 micron) have raised lot of health and environmental problems. These particulates enter the human respiratory system during inhalation, which may cause lung cancer. Diesel particulates consist of two major components namely Insoluble Organic Fraction (IOF) comprised primarily of carbonaceous materials and a Soluble Organic Fraction (SOF) made up of hydrocarbon materials. An experimental investigation was conducted to study the performance of catalyst coated ceramic fiber filter (mullite) wound cartridge mounted in a canister on emission as well as performance. The canister was fabricated to accommodate one to three cartridges. It is seen that the catalyst coated ceramic fiber filter gives better reduction of particulate when compared to uncoated ceramic fiber filter and also gives lower smoke, higher bed temperature, lower pressure drop, lower specific fuel consumption and higher brake thermal efficiency.

The Morphology and Crystallography of Diesel Particulate Emissions

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
R. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Films ◽  
Turbostratic Carbon ◽  
Diesel Particles ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

A study has been made of the morphology and crystallography of particulate emissions from indirect injection diesel engines. This particulate matter consists substantially of carbon (although hydrocarbons can be extracted with solvents). Samples were collected in a diluted exhaust stream on amorphous carbon films and examined in a JEM-200C electron microscope operated in the TEM mode with an accelerating voltage of 200 KV.The morphology of the diesel particles, as shown in Fig. 1, markedly resembles carbon blacks and consists of an agglomeration of quasispherical subunits arranged in chains or clusters. Only limited changes in morphology were observed as the number of subunits in the particle increased (although larger particles tended to be more cluster-like than the extended chain shown in Fig. 1). However, a dramatic effect of the number of subunits was observed on the character of the diffraction pattern. Smaller particles yielded a diffraction pattern consisting of very diffuse rings typical of turbostratic carbon; the diffraction patterns from the larger particles, however, although qualitatively similar, exhibited much sharper and less diffuse ring patterns.

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