scholarly journals Gauge invariance and implementability of the S-operator for spin-0 and spin-12 particles in time-dependent external fields

1979 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.N.M. Ruijsenaars
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Invariance ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
External Fields

Kinetic equations for plasmas subjected to a strong time-dependent extenal field. Part 2. The weak-interaction approximation

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Balescu ◽  
J. H. Misguich
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Weak Interaction ◽  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
External Fields ◽  
Interaction Approximation

The general theory developed in part 1 is illustrated for a plasma described by the weak-coupling (Landau) approximation. The kinetic equation, valid for arbitrarily strong external fields, is written out explicitly.

The Morse oscillator under time-dependent external fields

2006 ◽  
Vol 125 (16) ◽  
pp. 164110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel F. de Lima ◽  
José E. M. Hornos
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
External Fields ◽  
Morse Oscillator

scholarly journals Gauge dependence in QED amplitudes in expanding de Sitter space

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1650050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nistor Nicolaevici
Keyword(s):  
External Field ◽  
Gauge Invariance ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
External Fields ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
First Order ◽  
Gauge Dependence ◽  
Invariance Violation ◽  
The Face ◽  
First Order Transition

We consider first-order transition amplitudes in external fields in QED in the expanding de Sitter space and point out that they are gauge dependent quantities. We examine the gauge variations of the amplitudes assuming a decoupling of the interaction at large times, which allows to conclude that the source of the problem lies in the fact that the frequencies of the modes in the infinite future become independent of the comoving momenta. We show that a possibility to assure the gauge invariance of the external field amplitudes is to restrict to potentials which vanish sufficiently fast at infinite times, and briefly discuss a number of options in the face of the possible gauge invariance violation in the full interacting theory.

Nonlinear Response for Time-dependent External Fields

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janka Petravic ◽  
Denis J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
External Fields

Application of the Born-Oppenheimer principle to classification of time scales in molecules interacting with time-dependent external fields

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 6479-6492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz J. Gil ◽  
Shenghua Shi ◽  
Attila Askar ◽  
Herschel A. Rabitz
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
External Fields
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