A thermochemical study of complex formation in chelating ion-exchange resins

1995 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Kertman ◽  
G.M. Kertman ◽  
Yu.A. Leykin
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Thermochemical Study ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

scholarly journals DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION, AND STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF ORAL RECONSTITUTED SUSPENSION OF CLARITHROMYCIN USING ION-EXCHANGE RESINS

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
KOMAL S ◽  
HARIKRISHNAN N
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Taste Masking ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Exchange Resins

Objectives: The objective of the present study is taste masking of bitter clarithromycin using Indion 204, Indion 234, and Tulsion 335 as ion-exchange resins, which forms insoluble complexes, inhibiting the drug release in saliva as ion-exchange resins are cross-linked polymers, water-insoluble that contains salt-forming groups in repeating positions on the polymer chain. Drugs that are bitter and cationic get adsorbed onto weak cationic exchange resins of carboxylic acid functionality such as Indion 204, Indion 234, and Tulsion 335 to form non-bitter complexes. Methods: The drug-resin complex loading process was optimized for the resin content, activation, swelling time, stirring time, influence of pH, and temperature for maximum drug loading and the formed complex was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to confirm complex formation. The drug-resin complex was also characterized by their micromeritic and rheological properties. These complexes were used to prepare oral reconstituted suspensions and the taste was evaluated. The formulation was evaluated for various parameters such as sedimentation volume, pH, redispersibility, viscosity, drug content, and in vitro drug release. Results: Acid-activated resins comprising Indion 204, Indion 234, and Tulsion 335 with the drug:resin ratio of 1:2, stirred in a solution of pH 7–8 at 70° for 6 h had a maximum drug loading and masked the bitter taste of clarithromycin. DSC of the drug-resin complex (DRC) revealed that there was interaction leading to complex formation. The drug-resin complex was formulated into suspension formulations (S1-S9) and evaluated. Various parameters were found to be within permissible limits. Formulations S3, S6, and S9 containing 1:2 ratios of the drug-resin complex of Indion 204, Indion 234, and Tulsion 335 revealed maximum taste masking. This was further confirmed by treatment of taste evaluation scores obtained from the volunteers by ANOVA, Dunnett’s multiple comparison test, and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. All the three optimized formulations had a significant difference of p<0.001 when compared to control S10. S6 formulation was widely accepted. Conclusion: Ion-exchange complexation could efficiently mask the bitter taste of clarithromycin and achieve palatable taste suitable for pediatric use.

Embedding Procedure for Water Swollen Samples

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
Ann M. Thomas ◽  
Virginia Shemeley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Exchange Resins

Those samples which swell rapidly when exposed to water are, at best, difficult to section for transmission electron microscopy. Some materials literally burst out of the embedding block with the first pass by the knife, and even the most rapid cutting cycle produces sections of limited value. Many ion exchange resins swell in water; some undergo irreversible structural changes when dried. We developed our embedding procedure to handle this type of sample, but it should be applicable to many materials that present similar sectioning difficulties.The purpose of our embedding procedure is to build up a cross-linking network throughout the sample, while it is in a water swollen state. Our procedure was suggested to us by the work of Rosenberg, where he mentioned the formation of a tridimensional structure by the polymerization of the GMA biproduct, triglycol dimethacrylate.

Applications of Ion Exchange Resin in Oral Drug Delivery Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathpalia Harsha ◽  
Das Sukanya
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery Systems

Ion Exchange Resins (IER) are insoluble polymers having styrene divinylbenzene copolymer backbone that contain acidic or basic functional groups and have the ability to exchange counter ions with the surrounding aqueous solutions. From the past many years they have been widely used for purification and softening of water and in chromatographic columns, however recently their use in pharmaceutical industry has gained considerable importance. Due to the physical stability and inert nature of the resins, they can be used as a versatile vehicle to design several modified release dosage forms The ionizable drug is complexed with the resin owing to the property of ion exchange. This resin complex dissociatesin vivo to release the drug. Based on the dissociation strength of the drug from the drug resin complex, various release patterns can be achieved. Many formulation glitches can be circumvented using ion exchange resins such as bitter taste and deliquescence. These resins also aid in enhancing disintegrationand stability of formulation. This review focuses on different types of ion exchange resins, their preparation methods, chemistry, properties, incompatibilities and their application in various oral drug delivery systems as well as highlighting their use as therapeutic agents.

THE DISPOSAL OF USED ION EXCHANGE RESINS

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-455
Author(s):  
Viky Dicu ◽  
Carmen Iesan ◽  
Mihai Chirica ◽  
Satish Bapat
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

FTIR ANALYSIS OF ION EXCHANGE RESINS WITH APPLICATION IN PERMANENT HARD WATER SOFTENING

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2145-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Lazar ◽  
Laura Bulgariu ◽  
Bogdan Bandrabur ◽  
Ramona-Elena Tataru-Farmus ◽  
Mioara Drobota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Water Softening ◽  
Exchange Resins

Innovative and sustainable concept of regeneration of decolorization ion exchange resins

2012 ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Theoleyre ◽  
Anne Gonin ◽  
Dominique Paillat
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Industrial Efficiency ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Multiple Effect ◽  
Exchange Resins

Regeneration of resins used for decolorization of sugar solutions is done with concentrated salt solutions. Nanofiltration membranes have been proven effective, in terms of industrial efficiency in decreasing salt consumption. More than 90% of the salt that is necessary for regeneration can be recycled through a combination of direct recycling of intermediate eluates, the separation of colored compounds by use of very selective nanofiltration membranes and a multiple-effect evaporation of salty permeates. The desalted color compound solution is sent to the molasses, limiting considerably the effluent to be treated. Starting from a liquor of 800 IU, the water requirement is limited to less than 100 L/t of sugar and the amount of wastewater can be reduced to less than 40 L/t of sugar.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document