Ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle capillaries caused by snake venom and two of its fractions

Toxicon ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 603
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

scholarly journals Trans-Endothelial Insulin Transport is Impaired in Skeletal Muscle Capillaries of Obese Male Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M Williams ◽  
P Mason McClatchey ◽  
Deanna P Bracy ◽  
Jeffrey S Bonner ◽  
Francisco A Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Insulin Transport ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

ABSTRACTDelivery of insulin to the surface of myocytes is required for skeletal muscle (SkM) insulin action. Previous studies have shown that SkM insulin delivery is reduced in the setting of obesity and insulin resistance (IR). The key variables that control SkM insulin delivery are 1) microvascular perfusion and 2) the rate at which insulin moves across the continuous endothelium of SkM capillaries. Obesity and IR are associated with reduced insulin-stimulated SkM perfusion. Whether an impairment in trans-endothelial insulin transport (EIT) contributes to SkM IR, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that EIT would be delayed in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and IR. Using intravital insulin imaging, we found that DIO male mice have a ~15% reduction in EIT compared to their lean counterparts. This impairment in EIT is associated with a 45% reduction in the density of endothelial vesicles. Despite impaired EIT, hyperinsulinemia sustained delivery of insulin to the interstitial space in DIO male mice. Even with maintained interstitial insulin delivery DIO male mice still showed SkM IR, indicating severe myocyellular IR in this model. Interestingly, there was no difference in EIT, endothelial ultrastructure or SkM insulin sensitivity between lean and high fat diet-fed female mice. These results suggest that, in male mice, obesity results in damage to the capillary endothelium which limits the capacity for EIT.

Fenestrations in regenerating skeletal muscle capillaries

1977 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph V. McKinney ◽  
Baldev B. Singh ◽  
Phyllis D. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Capillaries

Dissolution of Fish Muscle Homogenates by Lysolecithin

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2157-2164
Author(s):  
R. E. E. Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
N Content ◽  
Snake Venom Phospholipase ◽  
Solubilizing Activity ◽  
Supernatant Solution ◽  
Muscle Homogenate

On incubating skeletal muscle homogenates from rainbow trout with lysolecithin (LL) and comparing them with homogenates of the same muscle without added LL, and after centrifuging the mixtures, it was found that the N content of the supernatant solution of the homogenate containing LL was about 20% higher than that of the homogenate without LL. Increases close to maximum in N content of the supernatant solution were found to occur at a concentration of about 4 mg LL per ml of incubation medium containing 100 mg muscle in 3.0 ml of 0.9% NaCl at a pH of 6.0–8.0 and at about 35 C for a period of 1 hr. Snake venom phospholipase A added to muscle homogenate showed no solubilizing activity and α-tocopherol acetate and cortisol showed irregular stimulation. It was concluded that LL exerts a solubilizing action on fish muscle homogenates.

Fragmentation of Actin by Thrombin-Like Snake Venom Proteases

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hauck ◽  
L. Muszbek
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Bothrops Marajoensis ◽  
Bothrops Moojeni

It has been demonstrated that thrombin can split skeletal muscle actin (Muszbek and Laki, PNAS 1974,71,2208). In the present paper the effect of thrombin-like snake venom proteases (Ancrod and Batroxobins of Bothrops moojeni and Bothrops marajoensis) on actin was studied and compared to the thrombic cleavage of this protein. Only EDTA pretreated G and F actin were split by Ancrod, while, Batroxobins hydrolized native G actin, too. The time course of digestion was followed by SDS PAGE. A split product of 37500 m.w. appeared first which was cleaved further resulting in three lower m.w. fragments. The SDS gel pattern of thrombic fragmentation was well distinguishable from those caused by Ancrod and Batroxobins. The first split products of Batroxobin digestion were isolated and by estimating their N-, and C-terminal end groups and amino acid compositions the peptide bond hydrolyzed first was located in the primary structure of actin. It was established that while thrombin split off two actinopeptides (at Arg ( 28)-Ala(29) and Arg ( 39)-His ( 40) from the N-terminal end of the molecule only Arg ( 39)-His ( 40) was cleaved by Batroxobins.

Ultrastructural changes and release reaction of platelets induced by an aggregation inducer purified from Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus (Formosan habu) snake venom

Toxicon ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Ming Teng ◽  
K'o-Kaung Liao ◽  
Jih-Pyang Wang ◽  
Huai-San Lin ◽  
Chaoho Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Release Reaction

Structural and Ultrastructural Changes in Skeletal Muscle Associated with Long-Distance Training and Running

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (S 3) ◽  
pp. S156-S159 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kuipers ◽  
G. Janssen ◽  
F. Bosman ◽  
P. Frederik ◽  
P. Geurten
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Distance Training

Early ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with mitochondrial myopathy

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Irene Lund ◽  
Sigurd Lindal ◽  
Olav Borud ◽  
Torberg Tobergsen ◽  
SveinIvar Mellgren
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Myopathy ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

Morphometry of skeletal muscle capillaries: the relationship between capillary ultrastructure and ageing in humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bigler ◽  
D. Koutsantonis ◽  
A. Odriozola ◽  
S. Halm ◽  
S. A. Tschanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Muscle Capillaries
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document