Larval feeding rhythms and food consumption by the red frog crab Ranina ranina (Decapoda, Raninidae) under laboratory conditions

Aquaculture ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Minagawa ◽  
Masaaki Murano
1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Jay

When larvae of the three castes of honey bees are starved under natural or laboratory conditions, some produce dwarf adults. To test the effects of larval starvation on subsequent development, larvae of various weights were removed from their food and put into gelatin capsules; (a) success in completing prepupal and pupal ecdyses, (b) weight after the pupal ecdysis, (c) time for development, and (d) type of adult reared were recorded. The longer the larval feeding period for the three castes, the more successful were tie ecdyses. Developmental failure was high if worker, drone, and queen larvae were removed from their food when they were 60–65%, 85%, and 60–65% of the weights of control larvae respectively. The developmental times of workers or drones did not vary significantly with the various larval weights but those of larvae from queen cells increased with decrease in larval weight. The various-sized adult drones reared did not appear to differ in gross external appearance but the smaller workers had proportionately longer wings than the larger ones. Adults reared from the smallest larvae from queen cells resembled workers (or intercastes) whereas those from the largest larvae resembled queens.


1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip G. Koehler ◽  
David Pimentel

AbstractEconomic injury levels of the alfalfa weevil on alfalfa were investigated in New York State. The dry weight food consumption for the larval stage of the alfalfa weevil averaged 7.34 mg/larva. For every gram (dry weight) of alfalfa consumed, 1.59 g (live weight) in insect tissue was produced. In the laboratory, it was found that insect food consumption could account for only about 50% of the total weight loss in alfalfa plants after 10 days of larval feeding. Therefore, alfalfa weevil damage to alfalfa was more than the larval food consumption, and this was believed to be due to the loss of the plant’s photosynthetic potential. In the field on first growth alfalfa, the economic injury level was calculated to be 56 larvae/stem. First growth alfalfa was less severely injured by alfalfa weevil larvae than our second growth alfalfa infested with equal populations of alfalfa weevils. It was shown that first growth alfalfa was able to compensate for 87% of the insect feeding while second growth alfalfa could compensate for only 50%. Since the alfalfa plant’s capacity to compensate for alfalfa weevil feeding can vary due to environmental conditions and plant characteristics, economic injury levels must be adjustable. To provide more reliability to economic injury levels, we propose that in alfalfa the following seven measurements be made: (1) alfalfa weevil larval density; (2 and 3) parasites and predators of the weevil; (4) rainfall and moisture level; (5) plant nutrients; (6) alfalfa variety; and (7) stage and previous management of alfalfa stand.


2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
L.C. Martínez ◽  
A. Plata-Rueda

The scarabaeid <em>Leucothyreus femoratus</em> (Burmeister) is described as causing damage to oil palm leaves, marking its first report as a pest in Colombia. The presence of this insect has necessitated determination of its life cycle, biometrics and food consumption as important aspects of its biology. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions in the municipality of San Vicente, Santander, Colombia. Mass rearing of <em>L. femoratus</em> was conducted, simulating field conditions and eating habits under laboratory conditions. Its life cycle and description of its developmental stages were determined, taking into account stage-specific survival. The duration of the life cycle of <em>L. femoratus</em> was determined to be 170.4&plusmn;6.53, with an overall survival rate of 96.7%. Biometrical measurements were taken of the insect&rsquo;s width, length and weight. Adults are black, and males and females are differentiated by size and by colour of their legs. The width, length and weight of the insect are proportional to the growth stage. Daily food consumption rate was evaluated in adult <em>L. femoratus</em>, and damage to leaves of <em>Elaeis guineensis</em> is described. Adult <em>L. femoratus</em> consumed 13 mm<sup>2</sup> of foliage per day, and injury to leaves of <em>E. guineensis</em> was square or rectangular in shape. This insect&rsquo;s life cycle duration and size are factors that could be considered in determining its feeding habits and pest status. Details of the life cycle, physical description and consumption rate of <em>L. femoratus</em> can help in the development of strategies to manage its populations in oil palm plantations.


2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bonilla-Gómez ◽  
Xavier Chiappa-Carrara ◽  
Gabriela Gaxiola ◽  
Gerard Cuzón ◽  
Carmen Galindo

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