A study of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and immunological examination of patients with periprosthetic infection after knee and hip joint endoprosthetics (n = 16) and osteomyelitis (n = 20) was conducted. The patients with periprosthetic infection were characterized by anemia, eosinophilia, impaired glucose tolerance, cholestasis, predisposition to elevated atherogenesis, increased circulating immune complexes, autoimmune granulocytotoxic antibodies, immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, IgA and sensitization to synovial membrane and Staphylococcus aureus. The patients with osteomyelitis did not develop increased glucose and cholesterine level, but showed increased aminotransferases, thymol test, chondroitinsulfates, decrease of calcium and production of the leukocyte migration inhibition factor (LIF), both non-specific and to the antigens of cartilage tissue and sensitization to Streptococcus and E. coli. In patients with infections of the musculoskeletal system, glucose metabolism disturbances have been associated with the presence of autoimmune lymphocytotoxic antibodies, reduced production of LiF, both non-specific and to the antigens of synovial membrane. Atherogenesis was associated with increased circulating immune complexes, autoimmune lymphocytotoxic and granulocytotoxic antibodies, decreased LIF and sensitization to connective tissue antigens and pathogenic microorganisms, especially to Streptococcus and Proteus. Anemia was associated with increased autoimmune lymphocytotoxic antibodies, delayed-type sensitization to bone and cartilage tissue, to Staphylococcus and sensitization by accelerated type to E. coli and Proteus. Physicians should analyse immunological data while treating and monitoring the patients with connective tissue infections and disturbances of glucose and cholesterine metabolism.
Immunological aspects of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with periprosthetic infection and osteomyelitis