Heat transfer fluids and systems for process and energy applications

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Singh ◽  
Y.R. Mayhew
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1908-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McFarlane ◽  
H. Luo ◽  
M. Garland ◽  
W. V. Steele

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Clark ◽  
T.C. Marshall ◽  
B.S. Merickel ◽  
A. Sanchez ◽  
D.G. Brownstein ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Kevin Coscia ◽  
Sudhakar Neti ◽  
Alparslan Oztekin ◽  
Tucker Elliot ◽  
Satish Mohapatra

One of the major impediments of current energy applications is the availability of an economical and reliable heat transfer fluid. Such applications include concentrated solar power, gas processing, petrochemicals, nuclear, and other high-temperature processes. Organic heat transfer fluids currently in use have limitations approaching 390°C, and other salt-based fluids have rather high freezing temperatures. Ternary nitrate salts have the potential to operate at high temperatures while maintaining low freezing temperatures. Some melting temperatures of LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3 salt mixtures as a function of LiNO3 composition have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Phase diagrams have also been predicted for the LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3, CsNO3-NaNO3-KNO3, and CsNO3-LiNO3-KNO3 systems using mathematical modeling and the results are encouraging. The results presented in this work are expected to make a significant impact on the development of economical and practical ternary nitrate mixtures in energy applications.


2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iñigo Ortega-Fernández ◽  
Javier Rodríguez-Aseguinolaza ◽  
Antoni Gil ◽  
Abdessamad Faik ◽  
Bruno D’Aguanno

Slag is one of the main waste materials of the iron and steel manufacturing. Every year about 20 × 106 tons of slag are generated in the U.S. and 43.5 × 106 tons in Europe. The valorization of this by-product as heat storage material in thermal energy storage (TES) systems has numerous advantages which include the possibility to extend the working temperature range up to 1000 °C, the reduction of the system cost, and at the same time, the decrease of the quantity of waste in the iron and steel industry. In this paper, two different electric arc furnace (EAF) slags from two companies located in the Basque Country (Spain) are studied. Their thermal stability and compatibility in direct contact with the most common heat transfer fluids (HTFs) used in the concentrated solar power (CSP) plants are analyzed. The experiments have been designed in order to cover a wide range of temperature up to the maximum operation temperature of 1000 °C corresponding to the future generation of CSP plants. In particular, three different fluids have been studied: synthetic oil (Syltherm 800®) at 400 °C, molten salt (Solar Salt) at 500 °C, and air at 1000 °C. In addition, a complete characterization of the studied slags and fluids used in the experiments is presented showing the behavior of these materials after 500 hr laboratory-tests.


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