Heterotopic neocortical transplants. An anatomical and electrophysiological analysis of host projections to occipital cortical grafts placed into sensorimotor cortical lesions made in newborn rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Castro ◽  
T.P. Hogan ◽  
J.Chr. Sørensen ◽  
B.S. Klausen ◽  
E.H. Danielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Electrophysiological Analysis ◽  
Made In

Effects of Median Cortex Lesions on the Maternal Behavior of the Rat

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Wilsoncroft
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Continuous Recording ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Made In

This study explores the relation of cortical lesions to the rat's maternal behavior. Rather precise electrolytic lesions were made in the anterior and posterior cingulate areas of the median cortex. A quantitative measure of maternal behavior was obtained by a continuous recording of the rat's movements about the observation box and her picking up and depositing of pups in response to scattering the litter and directing air and heat blasts onto the litter. Data indicate (1) the lesions were differential in their effect. Only the anterior cingulate lesions produced significant disruptions in the maternal behaviors. (2) The lesions disrupted only certain sequential aspects of the maternal activities. The groups did not differ in their over-all retrieving behavior or in the number of pups they removed from the air blast. However, the anterior cingulate lesioned animals were observed to carry their pups several times around the observation box before depositing them; thus they carried their pups over significantly more floor areas than did the other groups. Further, these animals exhibited other unique behaviors such as repeatedly picking up and dropping the same pup or retrieving their own tails time after time.

Development of Paw Preference in Rats following Unilateral Cortical Ablations in Infancy

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Webster ◽  
Kristina Shoup
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Posterior Cortex ◽  
Paw Preference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Made In

Rats which received unilateral anterior cortical lesions in infancy manifested a preference for the paw contralateral to the intact hemisphere when tested at 5 wk. and at 10 wk. of age. That this effect was locus specific and was not due to a change in the over-all balance of activity between the hemispheres was indicated by the fact that similar lesions made in the posterior cortex did not influence which paw the animals subsequently preferred. The posterior lesions, however, may have lowered the frequency of ambidexterity, a finding interpreted in terms of theoretical arguments concerning bilateral symmetry and the discrimination and memory of left and right.

The Effect of Fetal Neocortical Transplants on Lesion-Induced Cerebral Cortex Plasticity

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Schulz ◽  
J.C. Sørensen ◽  
G.L. Tillotson ◽  
A.J. Castro ◽  
J. Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Axonal Sprouting ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Anterograde Tracer ◽  
Biotinylated Dextran ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Normal Controls

Sensorimotor cortical lesions in newborn rats lead to the formation of abnormal projections from the opposite intact sensorimotor cortex. In the present study the influence of fetal neocortical transplants on this lesion-induced plasticity was examined. Newborn rats received unilateral frontal neocortical lesions. One experimental group received grafts of fetal neocortical tissue (E14–E16) into the lesion cavities. Another group served as lesion-only animals, while a third group was left unlesioned and without grafts as normal controls. At 3 mo of age, the animals received injections of the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) into the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the lesion/transplantation area. After sacrifice 2 wk later, the brains were processed histochemically for detection of BDA-labeled cells and fibers. As a measure of the lesion-induced axonal sprouting response, corticothalamic and corticopontine fibers crossing the midline were counted. Significantly fewer cortical efferent fibers crossed the thalamic midline in the transplanted rats compared to the lesion-only controls. In contrast, the presence of transplants did not reduce the corticopontine sprouting response. These results therefore indicate that fetal neocortical grafts have a modulatory, yet variable effect on the lesion-induced axonal sprouting of contralateral sensorimotor cortical neurons.

Learning in Adult Rats with Extensive Cortical Lesions Made in Infancy

1964 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Gonzalez ◽  
W. A. Roberts ◽  
M. E. Bitterman
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Made In

scholarly journals Estrogen Receptors are Present in Neocortical Transplants

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik B. Pedersen ◽  
Joan A. O'Keefe ◽  
Robert J. Handa ◽  
Anthony J. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Rat Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Neocortical Lesion ◽  
Made In

Fetal neocortical tissue was grafted into neocortical lesion cavities made in newborn rats. After two weeks survival,in vitrobinding of[H3]- estradiol to cytosolic preparations provided evidence of estrogen receptors within the transplants. The observed high levels correspond to previous work demonstrating elevated estrogen receptor levels during the first postnatal week in the rat cerebral cortex.

The effect of large unilateral cortical lesions on rubrospinal tract sprouting in newborn rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Castro ◽  
Denis A. Clegg ◽  
J. Ross McClung
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Rubrospinal Tract

A direct projection from area V1 to area V3A of rhesus monkey visual cortex

1980 ◽  
Vol 207 (1169) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Visual Area ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Direct Projection ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Monkey Visual Cortex ◽  
Made In

Small cortical lesions were made in regions of the primary visual cortex (V1) representing different retinal eccentricities. It was found that, whereas all parts of V1 project to visual areas V2, V3 and the motion area of the superior temporal sulcus, only parts of V1 representing peripheral eccentricities (in excess of 30°) project directly to visual area V3A.

Topography of corticopontine remodelling after cortical lesions in newborn rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn Kartje-Tillotson ◽  
E. J. Neafsey ◽  
Anthony J. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Newborn Rats
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