A comparison of direct and indirect methods for estimating forest canopy leaf area

1991 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 107-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer W. Chason ◽  
Dennis D. Baldocchi ◽  
Michael A. Huston
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

scholarly journals A non-destructive method for estimating onion leaf area

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.I. Córcoles ◽  
A. Domínguez ◽  
M.A. Moreno ◽  
J.F. Ortega ◽  
J.A. de Juan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods ◽  
Sampling Event ◽  
Experimental Plots

AbstractLeaf area is one of the most important parameters for characterizing crop growth and development, and its measurement is useful for examining the effects of agronomic management on crop production. It is related to interception of radiation, photosynthesis, biomass accumulation, transpiration and gas exchange in crop canopies. Several direct and indirect methods have been developed for determining leaf area. The aim of this study is to develop an indirect method, based on the use of a mathematical model, to compute leaf area in an onion crop using non-destructive measurements with the condition that the model must be practical and useful as a Decision Support System tool to improve crop management. A field experiment was conducted in a 4.75 ha commercial onion plot irrigated with a centre pivot system in Aguas Nuevas (Albacete, Spain), during the 2010 irrigation season. To determine onion crop leaf area in the laboratory, the crop was sampled on four occasions between 15 June and 15 September. At each sampling event, eight experimental plots of 1 m

Comparison of direct and indirect methods for assessing leaf area index across a tropical rain forest landscape

2013 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. Olivas ◽  
Steven F. Oberbauer ◽  
David B. Clark ◽  
Deborah A. Clark ◽  
Michael G. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

Aspects of orthodontic protocol in cleft lip and palate patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
O. V. Dudnik ◽  
Ad. A. Mamedov ◽  
O. I. Admakin ◽  
A. A. Skakodub ◽  
Y. O. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Indirect Bonding ◽  
The Face ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

Relevance. Cleft lip and palate is one of the severe malformations of the face and jaw, requiring a comprehensive approach to the rehabilitation of the patients, including doctors of various specialties, one of which is orthodontists. A feature of orthodontic treatment is difficulty of fixing bracket systems, as well as lowering the level of oral hygiene, caused by deformation and displacement of fragments of the maxillofacial region.Purpose. Improving the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment and hygiene of the oral caviti in patients with cleft lip and palate in permanent bite period.Materials and methods. A comparison was made of the effetctiveness of fixing brackets systmes with direct and indirect bonding techniques and the effectiveness of oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment using irrigators.Results. The results of the study showed a difference in the effectiveness of using direct and indirect methods of fixing bracket systems in patients with cleft and palate. The use of irrigators as additional means of oral hygiene has demonstrated a positive dynamic of hygiene indices.Conclusions. Results of the study demonstrate the advantages of fixation the brackets by indirect bonding and use additional hygiene products irrigator for improving of oral hygiene.

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