Temperature and water relations of a parasitic wasp in its free-living adult stage and its phytophagous host

1984 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G Jackson ◽  
Allen C Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Living Adult

Dietary Fiber and Lifestyle Influence Serum Lipids in Free Living Adult Men

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha N. Ballesteros ◽  
Rosa M. Cabrera ◽  
Maria S. Saucedo ◽  
Gloria M. Yepiz-Plascencia ◽  
M. Isabel Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Living Adult

The effect of non-immune stresses on the development of Strongyloides ratti

Parasitology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CROOK ◽  
M. E. VINEY
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Living Adult

Strongyloides ratti is a parasitic nematode of rats. The host immune response against S. ratti affects the development of its free-living generation, favouring the development of free-living adult males and females at the expense of directly developing, infective 3rd-stage larvae. However, how the host immune response brings about these developmental effects is not clear. To begin to investigate this, we have determined the effect of non-immune stresses on the development of S. ratti. These non-immune stresses were subcurative doses of the anthelmintic drugs Ivermectin, Dithiazanine iodide and Thiabendazole, and infection of a non-natural host, the mouse. These treatments produced the opposite developmental outcome to that of the host immune response. Thus, in infections treated with subcurative doses of Ivermectin, Dithiazanine iodide and in infections of a non-natural host, the sex ratio of developing larvae became more female-biased and the proportion of female larvae that developed into free-living adult females decreased. This suggests that the mechanism by which the host immune response and these non-immune stresses affect S. ratti development differs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a digital method to assess evening meal intake in a free-living adult population

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 5311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dahl Lassen ◽  
Sanne Poulsen ◽  
Lotte Ernst ◽  
Klaus Kaae Andersen ◽  
Anja Biltoft-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Digital Method ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Meal Intake ◽  
Living Adult

scholarly journals Strongyloses ratti and S. stercoralis: effects of cambendazole, thiabendazole and mebendazole in vitro

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Grove ◽  
Carolyn Northern
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
In Vitro Incubation ◽  
Living Adult

The effects of in vitro incubation of three henzimidazole anthelmintics, thiabendazole, mebendazole and cambendazole on Strongyloides were compared. No drug affected hatching of S. ratti eggs or the viability of infective larvae or parasitic adult worms, but all three inhibited moulting of S. ratti larvae. In addition, cambendazole, but not thiabendazole or mebendazole, impaired the viability of S. ratti first- and second-stage larvae. The three drugs had no effect on isolated S. stercorais free-living adult worms, but they all prevented development of S. stercoralis rhabditiform larvae. Thiabendazole and mebendazole had no effect on the infectivity of either S. ratti or S. stercoralis infective larvae, but infection with these worms was abrogated by prior incubation with cambendazole. These results indicate that cambendazole acts in a different manner to the other two drugs. Since it is active against larvae migrating through the tissues, it is potentially of much greater value than thiabendazole or mebendazole in the therapy of strongyloidiasis.

On the histological anatomy of Benthimermis megala Petter, 1987, a giant nematode from the Norwegian deep-sea (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae)

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Tchesunov ◽  
Dmitry Miljutin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Germinal Zone ◽  
Female Genital System ◽  
Living Adult ◽  
Female Genital

AbstractFree-living adult stages of Benthimermis megala Petter, 1987, the biggest species (body length 78 - 148 mm) of the genus, have been found in bottom sediments of the deep-sea off the Norway coast and studied histologically. The head region includes six subcuticular sensilla, four minute cephalic setae and pore-like amphids. Numerous tiny sensilla are distributed throughout the lateral sides of the body. An axial spine is present on the posterior body terminus. Hypodermal glands are associated with the somatic sensilla. There are eight chords in the hypodermis. Mouth opening is absent. Vestigial pharynx is glandular and devoid of an internal lumen. Midgut is a trophosome made up of large radial cells and a very thin axial internal lumen. The trophosome cells are filled with various inclusions, which are reduced in size and number with age. A few cuticular grains are present in a vestigial rectum. The nerve ring is embedded in the anterior trophosome. The female genital system is amphidelphic. The germinal zone of the ovaries extends the length of the gonad (hologonic ovary), whereas the ovaries of smaller Benthimermis species are telogonic. Neither spermatozoa nor spermatheca in female ducts were identified. No males of B. megala were found. Obviously, larval stages parasitise benthic invertebrates, while non-feeding adult stages dwell freely in sediment and reproduce.

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