Anatomical distribution of flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris motor nuclei in the cat spinal cord

At a quarterly meeting of this Association held last year at Nottingham, we showed the results of our experiments with toxins upon the spinal cord and brain of rabbits. Our main conclusion was, that the central nervous system could be infected by toxins passing up along the lymph channels of the perineural sheath. The method we employed in our experiments consisted in placing a celloidin capsule filled with a broth culture of an organism under the sciatic nerve or under the skin of the cheek; and we invariably found a resulting degeneration in the spinal cord or brain, according to the situation of the capsule. These lesions we found to be identical in morphological type and anatomical distribution with those found in the cord of early tabes dorsalis and in the brain and cord of general paralysis of the insane. The conclusion suggested by our work was that these two diseases, if toxic, were most probably infections of lymphogenous origin.

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Flexor Carpi Radialis, Palmaris Longus, and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendons: Anatomy and Pathology

Ultrasonography of the Upper Extremity ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-02162-1_7 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

Ferdinando Draghi

Keyword(s):

Flexor Carpi Radialis ◽

Palmaris Longus ◽

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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Organization of the motor nuclei in the cervical spinal cord of salamanders

The Journal of Comparative Neurology ◽

10.1002/cne.902780204 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 278 (2) ◽

pp. 195-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

David B. Wake ◽

Kiisa C. Nishikawa ◽

Ursula Dicke ◽

Gerhard Roth

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Motor Nuclei

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Noradrenergic synapses and effects of noradrenaline on interneurons in the ventral horn of the cat spinal cord

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y77-057 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 399-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Larry M. Jordan ◽

David A. McCrea ◽

John D. Steeves ◽

John E. Menzies

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Close Contact ◽

Cell Types ◽

Muscle Afferents ◽

Ventral Horn ◽

Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽

High Threshold ◽

Depressant Action ◽

Motor Nuclei ◽

Lumbar Spinal

Histochemical and electrophysiological procedures were carried out to determine the cell types in the ventral horn which are in close contact with noradrenergic terminals and to identify the types of neurons in the ventral horn which are influenced by noradrenaline (NA). Fluorescence histochemical studies revealed that noradrenaline-containing fibers rarely form intimate contacts with alpha motoneurons, whereas many small interneurons which are closely invested with fluorescent fibers can be found near the motoneurons. The effects of microiontophoretically applied NA on interneurons were examined in the lateral motor areas of the lumbar spinal cord ventral horn. NA had a substantial depressant action on 43% of cells in chloralose-anesthetized and decerebrate cats; it excited 6% of the cells, and was without effect on the rest. The cells which were depressed by NA could be excited by electrical stimulation of high threshold muscle afferents or skin afferents, and they could be influenced from a variety of exteroceptive and proprioceptive inputs. Owing to considerable convergence on the affected interneurons, no distinct population of NA-sensitive interneurons could be identified. Many of the interneurons strongly depressed by NA were found near the motor nuclei. The hypothesis is presented that inhibitory actions of NA on interneurons in the motor nuclei might explain its hyperpolarizing action on motoneurons.

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