Drainage and crop production system on intensive dairy farms in Western France

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Ph. Jannot
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dairy Farms

scholarly journals Surface lime and silicate application and crop production system effects on physical characteristics of a Brazilian Oxisol

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
G. S. A. Castro ◽  
C. A. C. Crusciol ◽  
C. A. Rosolem ◽  
J. C. Calonego ◽  
K. R. Brye
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Forage Crop

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of crop rotations and soil acidity amelioration on soil physical properties of an Oxisol (Rhodic Ferralsol or Red Ferrosol in the Australian Soil Classification) from October 2006 to September 2011 in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Treatments consisted of four soybean (Glycine max)–maize (Zea mays)–rice (Oryza sativa) rotations that differed in their off-season crop, either a signal grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) forage crop, a second crop, a cover crop, or fallow. Two acid-neutralising materials, dolomitic lime (effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECCE) = 90%) and calcium-magnesium silicate (ECCE = 80%), were surface applied to raise the soil’s base saturation to 70%. Selected soil physical characteristics were evaluated at three depths (0–0.1, 0.1–0.2, and 0.2–0.4 m). In the top 0.1 m, soil bulk density was lowest (P < 0.05) and macroporosity and aggregate stability index were greatest (P < 0.05) in the forage crop compared with all other production systems. Also, bulk density was lower (P < 0.05) and macroporosity was greater (P < 0.05) in the acid-neutralising-amended than the unamended control soil. In the 0.1–0.2-m interval, mean weight diameter and mean geometric diameter were greater (P < 0.05) in the forage crop compared with all other production systems. All soil properties evaluated in this study in the 0.2–0.4-m interval were unaffected by production system or soil amendment after five complete cropping cycles. Results of this study demonstrated that certain soil physical properties can be improved in a no-tillage soybean–maize–rice rotation using a forage crop in the off-season and with the addition of acid-neutralising soil amendments. Any soil and crop management practices that improve soil physical properties will likely contribute to sustaining long-term soil and crop productivity in areas with highly weathered, organic matter-depleted, acidic Oxisols.

Effect of manure handling system, N fertilizer use and area of sugar beet on N surpluses from dairy farms in southern Sweden

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN SWENSSON
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Handling System ◽  
N Efficiency

Nitrogen balances from 283 conventional dairy farms situated in southern Sweden were investigated using the farm gate method. Nitrogen balances were determined for 1997 and 1998. Three N balances were calculated; for the whole farm, for crop production and for milk production. The aims of the investigation were to study if factors such as manure handling system, the amount of N obtained from mineral fertilizer per hectare and the proportion of sugar beet have an influence on the N balance. There was no significant effect of manure handling system on the N surplus per hectare or on N efficiency. The results showed that N efficiency was significantly improved by including sugar beet in the crop rotation and was negatively correlated with milk yield per hectare and fertilizer N per hectare. The N surplus per hectare was positively correlated with milk yield per hectare and fertilizer N per hectare. The comparison did not find a strong relationship between the amounts of N obtained from mineral fertilizer per hectare and supplied as manure. The latter was calculated theoretically. There was a weak, but significant, negative correlation between N from manure in 1997 and N from mineral fertilizer in 1998.

Provincial level-based emergy evaluation of crop production system and development modes in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Tao ◽  
Meichen Fu ◽  
Xinqi Zheng ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Dingxuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Emergy Evaluation

scholarly journals Soil-Biodegradable Plastic Mulches Undergo Minimal in-Soil Degradation in a Perennial Raspberry System after 18 Months

Horticulturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Markus Flury ◽  
Carol Miles ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
Lisa DeVetter
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Soil Burial Test ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Soil Exposure

Soil-biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) are made from biodegradable materials that can be bio-based, synthetic, or a blend of these two types of polymers, which are designed to degrade in soil through microbial activities. The purpose of BDMs is to reduce agricultural plastic waste by replacing polyethylene (PE) mulch, which is not biodegradable. Most studies have evaluated the breakdown of BDMs within annual production systems, but knowledge of BDM breakdown in perennial systems is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the deterioration and degradation of BDMs in a commercial red raspberry (Rubus ideaus L.) production system. Deterioration was low (≤11% percent soil exposure; PSE) for all mulches until October 2017 (five months after transplanting, MAT). By March 2018 (10 MAT), deterioration reached 91% for BDMs but remained low for PE mulch (4%). Mechanical strength also was lower for BDMs than PE mulch. In a soil burial test in the raspberry field, 91% of the BDM area remained after 18 months. In-soil BDM degradation was minimal, although the PSE was high. Since mulch is only applied once in a perennial crop production system, and the lifespan of the planting may be three or more years, it is worth exploring the long-term degradation of BDMs in perennial cropping systems across diverse environments.

Diversification economies in dairy farming – empirical evidence from Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1338-1365
Author(s):  
Stefan Wimmer ◽  
Johannes Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Input Distance Function

Abstract This article explores how farm size is related to economic benefits from diversification. Using a data set pertaining to Bavarian dairy farms (2000–2014), we estimate an input distance function (IDF) to derive cost complementarities between distinct outputs. A Bayesian estimation technique is used to improve the theoretical consistency of the IDF. The results show that small dairy farms are more likely to benefit from diversification between milk and livestock production, while larger farms tend to benefit from diversification between milk and crop production. Both managerial and policy implications are discussed.

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