Productivity and water use efficiency of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cv. “Keller” in relation to water regime

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Curt ◽  
J. Fernandez ◽  
M. Martinez
Water SA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Mengistu ◽  
JM Steyn ◽  
RP Kunz ◽  
I Doidge ◽  
HB Hlophe ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
R. Naveen Kumar ◽  
R.H. Patil ◽  
B.S. Yenagi ◽  
S. Sagar Dhage

Background: During rabi / summer irrigation water is a scarce resource, but crop needs more water due to non-rainy season and warmer climate. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during rabi / summer season of 2016-17 to study the effect of irrigation water regimes on water use efficiency (WUE) of groundnut genotypes in Northern Transition Zone of Karnataka. Methods: This field study comprised of four main plots as water regimes viz. I1: (control) seven irrigations at 15 days interval from sowing to 105 DAS, I2: Stress at pegging stage; withdrawal of one irrigation between 45 - 60 DAS, I3: Stress at pegging and pod filling stage; withdrawal of two irrigations between 45-75 DAS, I4: Stress at pegging, pod filling and kernel development stage; withdrawal of four irrigations from 45-105 DAS and four genotypes as sub plots viz. G1: Dh-86, G2: Dh-101, G3: K-9 and G4: G2-52. Treatments were replicated thrice and laid out in split plot design. Result: Among the water regime, I2 recorded significantly higher WUE (6.2 kg ha-1 mm-1) followed by I1 (control; 5.5 kg ha-1 mm-1). Water regime I2 also recorded significantly higher pod yield and haulm yield (2,857 kg ha-1 4,648 kg ha-1, respectively) along with other yield attributes, but was found at par with control (I1). This study showed that WUE as well as yield of rabi / summer groundnut can be enhanced if crop was exposed only to mild stress by skipping an irrigation at pegging stage out of total seven irrigations. Among the genotypes, Dh-86 with 2,375 kg ha-1 of pod yield performed significantly better over others like Dh-101 (2,215 kg ha-1), K-9 (2,048 kg ha-1) and G2-52 (1,880kg ha-1) suggesting differential response to moisture stress, thus choice of moisture stress tolerant genotypes is equally important to enhance WUE. Interaction between irrigation regime and genotypes showed that Dh-86 (G1) with I2 irrigation regime recorded significantly higher WUE (6.9 kg ha-1 mm-1), pod yield (3,168 kg ha-1) and net return (Rs. 95,655 ha-1) and was found at par with full irrigation regime (I1). 


Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-379
Author(s):  
Jardel Henrique Kirchner ◽  
Adroaldo Dias Robaina ◽  
Marcia Xavier Peiter ◽  
Rogério Ricalde Torres ◽  
Wellington Mezzomo ◽  
...  

PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY IN THE USE OF WATER IN DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTHS IN FORAGE SORGHUM IN  DYNAMIC OF CUTS     JARDEL HENRIQUE KIRCHNER1; ADROALDO DIAS ROBAINA1; MARCIA XAVIER PEITER1; ROGÉRIO RICALDE TORRES2; WELLINGTON MEZZOMO1; LUIS HUMBERTO BAHÚ BEN1; LEONITA BEATRIZ GIRARDI3 E BRUNA DALCIN PIMENTA1   1 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, nº 1000, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. 2 Departamento de Ensino, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul – Campus Vacaria, Estrada Engenheiro João Viterbo de Oliveira, nº 3061, Zona Rural, 95200-000, Vacaria, RS, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Ensino, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Educacional do Alto Uruguai - Faculdade Ideau – Passo Fundo, Av. Ruy Barbosa, 103 - Qd. 138, Bairro Vila Petrópolis, 99050-120, Passo Fundo, RS, Brasil.       1 ABSTRACT  The availability of pasture during the year is essential to the development of animals. In the period between spring and summer, pasture quality is impaired due to the irregularity of rainfall, needing the establishment of cultivated and irrigated pastures. Thus, sorghum is a culture propitious for implementation in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul due to its adaptation to this time of the year and the supply of mass produced. However, it needs adequate water availability to achieve its potential. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dry matter yield of the forage sorghum in six irrigation depths (0, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140% of the reference evapotranspiration) and the water use efficiency for four cut periods of the crop (50, 80, 110 and 140 days after sowing). The experiment was conducted in the Brazilian city of Santiago, RS. Sowing was held on November 18, 2014. A conventional sprinkler irrigation system was used with a main row and six side rows in PVC and the irrigation levels were differentiated by the sprinkler nozzle diameter of each lateral row. Statistically significant differences were found for the dry matter yield variation for the four cut periods evaluated, as well as for the water use efficiency of each cut, linear equations were adjusted for 3 cuts and quadratic for 1 cut for both productivity and water use efficiency. Therefore, it is clear that irrigation can have influence in the increase of forage sorghum crop production, and adequate water supply and proper management are extremely import to obtain higher crop yield.    Keywords: Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench), irrigation management, pasture irrigation, productivity of cuts.         KIRCHNER, J. H.; ROBAINA, A. D.; PEITER, M. X.; TORRES, R. R.; MEZZOMO, W.; BEN, L. H. B.; GIRARDI, L. B.; PIMENTA, B. D. PRODUTIVIDADE E EFICIÊNCIA NO USO DA ÁGUA EM SORGO FORRAGEIRO IRRIGADO EM DINÂMICA DE CORTES     2 RESUMO   A disponibilidade de pastagem durante o ano é essencial para o desenvolvimento dos animais em pastejo. No período compreendido entre a primavera e o verão, a qualidade das pastagens é prejudicada devido à irregularidade das chuvas, necessitando o cultivo de pastagens cultivadas e irrigadas. Assim, o sorgo é uma cultura propícia à sua implantação no Rio Grande do Sul devido à sua adaptação nesta época do ano e à oferta de massa produzida. No entanto, precisa de uma disponibilidade de água adequada para atingir seu potencial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o rendimento de massa seca do sorgo forrageiro em seis lâminas de irrigação (0, 60, 80, 100, 120 e 140% da evapotranspiração de referência) e a eficiência no uso da água, em quatro períodos de corte (50, 80, 110 e 140 dias após a semeadura). O experimento foi conduzido na cidade brasileira de Santiago, RS. A semeadura foi realizada em 18 de novembro de 2014. Utilizou-se um sistema convencional de irrigação por aspersão com uma linha principal e seis linhas laterais em PVC sendo os níveis de irrigação diferenciados pelo diâmetro de bocal dos aspersores de cada linha lateral. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes para a variação da produção de massa seca nos quatro períodos de corte avaliados, bem como, para a eficiência no uso da água de cada corte, sendo ajustadas equações lineares para 3 cortes e quadrática para 1 corte tanto para produtividade quanto para a eficiência no uso da água. Assim, a irrigação apresentou uma grande influência no aumento da produção de sorgo forrageiro, onde, atrelada a um uso eficiente da água, proporcionou ganhos elevados de rendimento forrageiro na cultura.  Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench), manejo da irrigação, irrigação de pastagem, produtividade dos cortes.  


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