A SPECIFIC METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF AMBIENT H2SO4 AEROSOL

Abstract Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools are widely used for Integrated Circuit (IC) debug and repair. With the increasing density of recent semiconductor devices, FIB operations are increasingly challenged, requiring access through 4 or more metal layers to reach a metal line of interest. In some cases, accessibility from the front side, through these metal layers, is so limited that backside FIB operations appear to be the most appropriate approach. The questions to be resolved before starting frontside or backside FIB operations on a device are: 1. Is it do-able, are the metal lines accessible? 2. What is the optimal positioning (e.g. accessing a metal 2 line is much faster and easier than digging down to a metal 6 line)? (for the backside) 3. What risk, time and cost are involved in FIB operations? In this paper, we will present a new approach, which allows the FIB user or designer to calculate the optimal FIB operation for debug and IC repair. It automatically selects the fastest and easiest milling and deposition FIB operations.

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Automatic Determination of Unbiased Luminosity Functions for H [CSC]ii[/CSC] Regions. II. Four Nearby Dwarf Galaxies

The Astronomical Journal ◽

10.1086/300577 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 116 (5) ◽

pp. 2246-2262 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Robin L. Kingsburgh ◽

Marshall L. McCall

Keyword(s):

Dwarf Galaxies ◽

Automatic Determination ◽

Luminosity Functions

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Automatic determination of heart rates from microscopy videos of early life stages of fish

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A ◽

10.1080/15287394.2017.1352212 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (16-18) ◽

pp. 932-940 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Raymond Nepstad ◽

Emlyn Davies ◽

Dag Altin ◽

Trond Nordtug ◽

Bjørn Henrik Hansen

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Life Stages ◽

Early Life Stages ◽

Automatic Determination ◽

Heart Rates

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The automatic determination of human and other system parameters

10.1145/1460690.1460763 ◽

1961 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

T. F. Potts ◽

G. N. Ornstein ◽

A. B. Clymer

Keyword(s):

Automatic Determination ◽

System Parameters

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Micro-Determination of p-Hydroxybenzoic Esters in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/60.1.56 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 56-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emil Weisenberg ◽

Baruch Gershon ◽

Judith Schoenberg

Keyword(s):

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Phosphate Ester ◽

Specific Method ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽

Direct Extraction ◽

Flame Photometric Detector ◽

Phenol Derivatives ◽

Margin Of Error ◽

Diethyl Phosphate

Abstract A rapid and specific method is described for the determination of microamounts of methyl, propyl, and butyl p-hydroxybenzoic esters (parabens) in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The method involves the direct extraction of parabens into benzene or chloroform followed by derivatization with phosphorochloridate. The diethyl phosphate ester derivatives are cleaned up on a Florisil minicolumn and finally measured by gas-liquid chromatography on 5% OV-210 on Gas-Chrom Q. A flame photometric detector or a KCl thermionic detector may be used. The concentration response was linear up to 40 ng parabens. The reproducibility and margin of error were tested with fortified samples. This method may be applied to the estimation of other phenol derivatives.

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