Crown Rot Disease of Bananas

In this study, the antagonistic effect of five bacteria genera namely Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Streptomyces isolated from rhizosphere of wheat were evaluated against Fusarium graminearum as potential biocontrol agents in vitro. F. graminearum was molecularly diagnosed using the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Each bacteria were tested for the production of catalase enzyme, oxidase enzyme, analysis of starch, analyze of gelatin, and the motility, where Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Bacillus subtilis were positive for all tested. Fungal inhibition tests were performed by using the dual culture method and agar well diffusion technique. Among them, Streptomyces and Azospirillum exhibited potent inhibition to the growth of F. graminearum (72.14% and 66.42%) respectively, followed by B.pumillus, P.fluorescens, B. subtilis and Azotobacter ( 58.28%, 43.23%, 39.71% and 35.71%) respectively as compared with the control treatment (0.0%).The dry weight of the fungus biomass was decreased with bacteria P. fluorescens, Streptomyces sp, Azotobacter sp, Azospirillum sp, B. subtilis, and B. pumillus which reached (0.114, 0.103, 0.147, 0.101, 0.143, and 0.107 g) respectively compared to the control treatment that was 0. 665 g.

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Disease responses of hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) culms exhibiting premature senescence (dead heads) associated with Fusarium pseudograminearum crown rot

10.1101/2020.05.13.094979 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

N. L. Knight ◽

B. Macdonald ◽

C. Percy ◽

M. W. Sutherland

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽

Disease States ◽

South Wales ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Timing Of Initiation ◽

Rot Disease

AbstractHexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) may exhibit significant crown rot disease responses to infection by Fusarium pseudograminearum, with a range of susceptibility levels available in commercial cultivars. Dry conditions during grain-fill may lead to the expression of prematurely senescing culms, which typically fail to set grain. Assessment of hexaploid spring wheat plants exhibiting both non-senescent and prematurely senescent culms was performed using visual discolouration, Fusarium pseudograminearum biomass, vascular colonisation and quantification of wheat DNA in culm sections sampled at three different heights above the crown and at the peduncle. A comparison of these parameters at four time points from milk development, when senescent culms are first observed, to maturity was conducted. Samples from six commercial cultivars were collected in 2014 from Narrabri and Tamworth, New South Wales and Wellcamp, Queensland. Prematurely senescent culms exhibited greater visual discolouration, Fusarium pseudograminearum biomass and vascular colonisation than non-senescent culms in each cultivar. Colonisation of xylem and phloem tissue was extensive in the basal portions of prematurely senescent culms (36 to 99%), and suggests significant impacts on water and nutrient movement during crown rot disease. Maturation coincided with significant changes in Fusarium pseudograminearum biomass and vascular colonisation. Wheat DNA content varied among cultivars, culm conditions, culm sections and sampling times. The variation in the severity of disease states between culms of the same plant suggests that the timing of initiation of infection in individual culms may vary.

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Different Tolerance in Bread Wheat, Durum Wheat and Barley to Fusarium Crown Rot Disease Caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum

Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0434.2012.01920.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 160 (7-8) ◽

pp. 412-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yaxi Liu ◽

Jun Ma ◽

Wei Yan ◽

Guijun Yan ◽

Meixue Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Fusarium Crown Rot ◽

Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽

Rot Disease

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Controlling Musa AAA Berangan crown rot disease using UV-C irradiation

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2018.1213.91 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 603-608

Author(s):

S.M.T. Nuratika ◽

P. Ding ◽

J. Kadir

Keyword(s):

Crown Rot ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Uv C

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Fungi associated with crown-rot disease of boxed bananas from the Windward islands during a two-year survey

Transactions of the British Mycological Society ◽

10.1016/s0007-1536(81)80105-2 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 567-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Ann Wallbridge

Keyword(s):

Crown Rot ◽

Windward Islands ◽

Rot Disease

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Paraphoma Crown Rot of Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium)

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-16-0628-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (12) ◽

pp. 2363-2369 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Azin Moslemi ◽

Peter K. Ades ◽

Tim Groom ◽

Pedro W. Crous ◽

Marc E. Nicolas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crown Rot ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Oil Glands ◽

Yield Decline ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Inoculation Techniques ◽

Brown Discoloration ◽

Tanacetum Cinerariifolium ◽

Crown Tissue ◽

Rot Disease

Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is commercially cultivated for the extraction of natural pyrethrin insecticides from the oil glands inside seed. Yield decline has caused significant yield losses in Tasmania during the last decade. A new pathogen of pyrethrum causing crown rot and reduced growth of the plants in yield decline affected fields of northern Tasmania was isolated from necrotic crown tissue and described as Paraphoma vinacea. Multigene phylogenetic identification of the pathogen also revealed that P. vinacea was a new species different from other Paraphoma type strains. Glasshouse pathogenicity experiments showed that P. vinacea significantly reduced belowground and total biomass of pyrethrum plants 2 months after inoculation. Dull-tan to reddish-brown discoloration of the cortical and subcortical crown tissue was observed in 100% of the infected plants. P. vinacea infected 75% of the plants inoculated with root dip and soil drench inoculation techniques in an inoculation optimization experiment. P. vinacea, the causal agent of Paraphoma crown rot disease, represents an important pathogen that will negatively impact the commercial cultivation of pyrethrum in Tasmania.

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CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTHOCYANINS AND TOLERANCE TO CROWN ROT DISEASE IN FIVE DIFFERENT HALF SIB POPULATIONS OF APPLE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2012.938.68 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 517-525

Author(s):

H. Hajnajari ◽

S. Soroori ◽

S. Rezaei ◽

H. Zamani Zadeh

Keyword(s):

Crown Rot ◽

Rot Disease

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Effects of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124, an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium graminearum, on crown rot disease and growth promotion of wheat

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2019-0285 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 904-912 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yun-Tae Kim ◽

Sararat Monkhung ◽

Yong Seong Lee ◽

Kil Yong Kim

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Culture Method ◽

Microscopic Investigation ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Dual Culture ◽

Rot Disease

Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 inhibited mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum (74.66%) under the dual culture method. Microscopic investigation clearly showed that amendment with different concentrations (10%, 30%, and 50%) of HS124 bacterial culture filtrate on potato dextrose agar plates caused abnormal hyphal structures, including swelling and distortion. Its inhibition toward mycelial growth of F. graminearum was increased with increasing concentration of n-butanol crude extract of HS124. The highest inhibition (43.14%) was detected at a crude concentration of 10 mg/disc, whereas the lowest inhibition (21.57%) was observed at 2 mg/disc. Although mycelial growth of F. graminearum was promoted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by HS124 as compared with the control, these VOCs clearly decreased fungal pigmentation resulting in a reduction of fungal sporulation. Microscopic investigation revealed hyphal deformation of F. graminearum due to VOCs. These compounds also had a negative effect on spore germination of F. graminearum. In vivo evaluations demonstrated that HS124 inoculation of wheat plants reduced crown rot disease incidence by 73.70% as compared with the control. HS124 inoculation of wheat plants also promoted most of the growth characteristics compared with the control or fungicide-treated plants. Our results provide strong evidence that HS124 could control F. graminearum infections and promote growth of wheat plants as part of management strategies for crown rot disease.

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