Alternaria alternata (Black Rot, Black Spot)

2014 ◽  
pp. 147-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas ◽  
Martín Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Black Rot

scholarly journals Distribution and Characterization of AKT Homologs in the Tangerine Pathotype of Alternaria alternata

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 762-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Masunaka ◽  
A. Tanaka ◽  
T. Tsuge ◽  
T. L. Peever ◽  
L. W. Timmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Japanese Pear ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Acid Moiety ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rough Lemon

The tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata produces a host-selective toxin (HST), known as ACT-toxin, and causes Alternaria brown spot disease of citrus. The structure of ACT-toxin is closely related to AK- and AF-toxins, which are HSTs produced by the Japanese pear and strawberry pathotypes of A. alternata, respectively. AC-, AK-, and AF-toxins are chemically similar and share a 9,10-epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-decatrienoic acid moiety. Two genes controlling AK-toxin biosynthesis (AKT1 and AKT2) were recently cloned from the Japanese pear pathotype of A. alternata. Portions of these genes were used as heterologous probes in Southern blots, that detected homologs in 13 isolates of A. alternata tangerine pathotype from Minneola tangelo in Florida. Partial sequencing of the homologs in one of these isolates demonstrated high sequence similarity to AKT1 (89.8%) and to AKT2 (90.7%). AKT homologs were not detected in nine isolates of A. alternata from rough lemon, six isolates of nonpathogenic A. alternata, and one isolate of A. citri that causes citrus black rot. The presence of homologs in the Minneola isolates and not in the rough lemon isolates, nonpathogens or black rot isolates, correlates perfectly to pathogenicity on Iyo tangerine and ACT-toxin production. Functionality of the homologs was demonstrated by detection of transcripts using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in total RNA of the tangerine pathotype of A. alternata. The high sequence similarity of AKT and AKT homologs in the tangerine patho-type, combined with the structural similarity of AK-toxin and ACT-toxin, may indicate that these homologs are involved in the biosynthesis of the decatrienoic acid moiety of ACT-toxin.

scholarly journals First report of Alternaria black spot of rose caused by Alternaria alternata in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-273
Author(s):  
Peihong Fang ◽  
Shaochuan Shi ◽  
Xintong Liu ◽  
Zhao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Fungal diseases of Rose plant in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Ghosh ◽  
Shamim Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Botrytis Allii ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Five types of symptom were recorded on two varieties of rose plant. The symptoms were Black spot, Leaf spot1, Leaf spot2, Blight and Anthracnose. The study revealed the presence of 20 species of fungi belonging to 17 genera. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Arthrinium saccharicola Stevenson, Aspergillus flavus, Link., A. niger van Tiegh., Botrytis allii Munn, Cercospora sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries, C. oxysporum Berk. & Curt., two species of Colletotrichum, Curvularia brakyospora Boedijn, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium sp., Epicoccum purpurascens Ehreneb ex Schlecht; Link, Gibberella sp., Marssonina rosea (Lib.) Died, Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) Masson, Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. with its two culture types, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. Ex. Fr) Vuill. and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fries. The frequency (%) of association of P. guepinii was higher than any other fungi. Pestalotiopsis guepinii and its two culture types were found to be pathogenic to rose plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i2.21347 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 2, 225-233, 2014

scholarly journals Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production in Alternaria alternata

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1829-1837
Author(s):  
Tiaolan Wang ◽  
Yongcai Li ◽  
Yang Bi ◽  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Benzyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Mycotoxin Production

The antifungal activity of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) against pear pathotype-Alternaria alternata, the causal agent of pear black spot, and its possible mechanisms were studied.

scholarly journals Micromycetes on climbing roses leaves (Rosa L.) in the Botanic Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kowalik ◽  
Klaudia Duda-Franiak
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Diplocarpon Rosae ◽  
Sordaria Fimicola ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum

<p>Micromycetes inhabiting the leaves of 20 cultivars of climbing roses (<em>Rosa</em> L.), grown in Botanic Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow was investigated in the three successive years of research. Sixty-five taxa of of micromycetes was recorded with a few species dominating: <em>Alternaria alternata</em>, <em>Epicoccum nigrum</em>, <em>Pestalotia rosae</em>, <em>Penicillium brevicompactum</em> and <em>Sordaria fimicola</em>, accompanied by various other microfungi. A high abundance of rose black spot caused by <em>Diplocarpon rosae</em> was also observed. The affected leaves revealed advancing necrosis, substantially enhancing at the end of the growing season. Defoliation took place from June to October. Micromycetes inhabiting the leaves of climbing roses in Botanic Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow considerably deteriorated the decorative aspect of the plants.</p>

scholarly journals Dual species dynamic transcripts reveal the interaction mechanisms between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Alternaria alternata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Liu ◽  
Fadi Chen ◽  
Sumei Chen ◽  
Weimin Fang ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Late Infection ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Infection Stage

Abstract Background: Chrysanthemum (C. morifolium) black spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the plant’s most destructive diseases. Dual RNA-seq was performed to simultaneously assess their transcriptomes to analyze the potential interaction mechanism between the two species, i.e., host and pathogen. Results: C. morifolium and A. alternata were subjected to dual RNA-seq at 1, 12, and 24 hours after inoculation, and differential expression genes (DEGs) in both species were identified. This analysis confirmed 153,532 DEGs in chrysanthemum and 14,932 DEGs in A. alternata, that were involved in plant-fungal interactions and phytohormone signaling. Fungal DEGs such as toxin synthesis related enzyme and cell wall degrading enzyme genes played important roles during chrysanthemum infecton. Moreover, a series of key genes highly correlated with the early, middle, or late infection stage was identified, together with the regulatory network of key genes annotated in PRG or PPI databases. Highly correlated genes were identified at the late infection stage, expanding our understanding of the interplay between C. morifolium and A. alternata. Additionally, six DEGs each from chrysanthemum and A. alternata were selected for qRT-PCR assays to validate the RNA-seq output. Conclusions: Collectively, data obtained in this study enriches the resources available for research into the interactions that exist between chrysanthemum and A. alternata, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of new chrysanthemum cultivars with resistance to pathogen.

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