Measuring the influence of social capital and personal networks on transport disadvantage

2019 ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Carrasco ◽  
Karen Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Transport Disadvantage

Patterns of support and conflict relationships in personal networks and perceived stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 001139212094892
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Aeby ◽  
Jacques-Antoine Gauthier ◽  
Eric D Widmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Bridging Social Capital

This article investigates the association between personal networks and stress, both positively through support and negatively through conflict. In a representative sample of 755 individuals residing in Switzerland, each individual was asked to name people in their lives who they perceived as very important, as well as to report their mutual support and conflict interactions. First, the article develops and investigates a typology with five relational patterns based on indicators of emotional support and conflict relationships in personal networks. These patterns are the following: bonding social capital, bridging social capital, ego-centered conflict, overload, and ambivalent. Second, it explores the association of these patterns with stress levels that are perceived in various life domains. Results show that individuals involved in relationships that were predominantly supportive had lower levels of stress, whereas individuals experiencing relationships characterized by conflict, or an imbalance in support by giving more than receiving, had higher levels of stress. Finally, ambivalent relationships in which support and conflict were equally present were associated with an intermediate level of stress. These results show the importance of considering support and conflict relationships together in personal network structures.

scholarly journals The internal mechanisms of entrepreneurs’ social capital: A multi-network analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 234094442090104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Hernández-Carrión ◽  
Carmen Camarero-Izquierdo ◽  
Jesús Gutiérrez-Cillán
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Professional Relationship ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Relational Quality ◽  
Relationship Networks

The present work addresses how and to what extent the personal and professional relationship networks of small-scale local entrepreneurs help improve their scarce resource endowments. Adopting a mechanistic and functioning oriented view of social capital, the paper suggests the existence of two different mechanisms which may explain the enrichment and entrepreneurial exploitation processes of social capital’s resources: (1) the resource mechanism, based on a network’s size and diversity, providing quantity and variety of social capital resources, and (2) the exchange mechanism, based on a network’s cohesion and relational quality, favouring the interchangeability of these resources among network members. The empirical study individually explores both the personal and professional networks of 958 Spanish entrepreneurs. Findings reveal how the two mechanisms are necessary and mutually complementary, although the resource mechanism proves more advantageous when exploiting personal networks, whereas the exchange mechanism prevails in the case of professional networks. JEL CLASSIFICATION L14; L26; M13; M14

scholarly journals Structure in personal networks: Constructing and comparing typologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-167
Author(s):  
Raffaele Vacca
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Cohesive Subgroup ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Egocentric Network ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Cross Classification ◽  
Personal Communities

AbstractA recurrent finding in personal network research is that individual and social outcomes are influenced not just by the kind of people one knows, but also by how those people are connected to each other. Personal network structure – the way in which one’s personal contacts know and interact with each other – reflects broader trends in social organization and personal communities, and shapes patterns of social capital, support, and isolation. This article proposes a method to identify typologies of structure in large collections of personal networks. The method is applied to six datasets collected in widely different circumstances and using various survey instruments. It is then compared with another recently introduced method to extract typologies of egocentric network structure. Findings show that personal network structure can be effectively summarized using just three measures of cohesive subgroup characteristics. Structural typologies can then be identified by applying standard cluster analysis techniques to the three variables. Both methods considered in the article capture significant variation in network structures, but they also show substantial levels of disagreement and cross-classification. I discuss similarities and differences between the methods, and potential applications of the proposed typologies to substantive research on personal communities, social support, and social capital.

The embeddedness of social capital in personal networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-203
Author(s):  
José Luis Molina ◽  
Alejandro García-Macías ◽  
Miranda J. Lubbers ◽  
Hugo Valenzuela-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Overlapping Sets

AbstractName generators (NGs) and position generators (PGs) have been used to measure resources embedded in personal relationships, namely social support and social capital, respectively. Comparisons of these measures adopted NGs that only elicit a small number of alters (max. 5). In this paper we explore whether the measurement of social capital with NGs eliciting larger personal networks (say 15 to 20 alters) gives more comparable results to the PG in terms of occupational prestige. To address this issue, we designed a personal network questionnaire that combined a multiple name generator (MNG) and a PG and enquired about alter characteristics and alter-alter ties for the two sets of nominations simultaneously, allowing their integrated analysis. The questionnaire was implemented in the software EgoNet to collect data from social/environmental entrepreneurs in Spain (N = 30) and Mexico (N = 30. The analysis shows that the two approaches capture mostly non-overlapping sets of personal network members, suggesting that the PG measured in this case available, but not accessed social capital. Remarkably the NG led to a higher average prestige for this occupational group than the PG, but also a lower heterogeneity in prestige. The consequences of using one or another approach and their interpretations are discussed.

scholarly journals Disentangling the Impact of Civil Association Membership on Political Participation: Evidence from Swedish Panel Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linuz Aggeborn ◽  
Nazita Lajevardi ◽  
Pär Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Civil Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Membership

Abstract What is the effect of membership in civil associations on political participation? Membership has been linked to providing social capital and personal networks, which in turn help citizens more easily navigate politics. Yet this link is empirically complex, since politically interested individuals self-select into networks and associations. This research note addresses the impact of membership on different forms of political participation using a panel survey from Sweden that distinguishes between passive and active membership in various types of associations. The baseline results reaffirm a strong association between membership and political participation. The survey's panel dimension is exploited to reveal that earlier scholarship has likely overstated the robustness of membership's participatory effects. Rather, the remaining impact of association membership in the panel specification is mainly driven by types of associations for which the highest degree of selection behaviour is expected.

The role of social capital, personal networks, and emergency responders in post-disaster recovery and resilience: a study of rural communities in Indiana

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 1377-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Mohaimin Sadri ◽  
Satish V. Ukkusuri ◽  
Seungyoon Lee ◽  
Rosalee Clawson ◽  
Daniel Aldrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Post Disaster

scholarly journals Rethinking the links between social exclusion and transport disadvantage through the lens of social capital

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Schwanen ◽  
Karen Lucas ◽  
Nihan Akyelken ◽  
Diego Cisternas Solsona ◽  
Juan-Antonio Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Transport Disadvantage

The embeddedness of social capital in personal networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Molina González ◽  
Miranda J. Lubbers ◽  
Hugo Valenzuela García ◽  
Alejandro García Macías
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Personal Networks

scholarly journals Prenatal care of Venezuelans in Colombia: migrants navigating the healthcare system

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Vanesa Giraldo ◽  
Rita Sobczyk ◽  
Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño ◽  
Maylen Liseth Rojas-Botero ◽  
Ietza Bojorquez
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Health Capital ◽  
Prenatal Health ◽  
Qualitative Component ◽  
Migrant Organizations ◽  
Gain Access

OBJECTIVES To explore the experiences of irregular (undocumented) Venezuelan migrants in accessing prenatal health services in Colombia and to examine the economic, social, and cultural resources mobilized by them to gain access to care. METHODS Data was retrieved from the qualitative component of a multi-method research conducted with pregnant immigrants in Barranquilla, Colombia, between 2018 and 2019, and triangulated with a review of regulations established by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. RESULTS Having limited economic capital, participants use social capital from personal networks and migrant organizations. They obtain cultural health capital in the form of information on the health system and use their cultural competencies to interact with this system. CONCLUSIONS Migrants exert their agency through the use of capitals, although with certain constraints. Policies aimed at this social group should consider the strengths of migrants.

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