Plastic waste in the terrestrial environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hurley ◽  
Alice Horton ◽  
Amy Lusher ◽  
Luca Nizzetto
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Terrestrial Environment

scholarly journals Fuzzy Based Spatial Risk Evaluation of Plastic Pollution: A Case Study of Anambra State of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Chibundo Chukwuma ◽  
Louis Chukwuemeka orakwe ◽  
Ejikeme Emmanuel Emenike ◽  
Chukwuma Chris Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Spatial Risk ◽  
Plastic Wastes

Abstract Natural systems, human health, and artistic sensitivities are all threatened by plastic pollution in most developed and developing countries. Plastic has emerged as a major global threat with rivers serving as sink for transported plastics, emanating from the terrestrial environment as a result of human activities. Anambra State in Nigeria is arguably the business hub of the South-eastern part of Nigeria, with a massive output of plastic wastes daily from individuals, commercial activities and industries. Owing to an inefficient waste management system, plastic leakage into her drainage networks is a critical environmental challenge. The aim of this study is to geospatially model the vulnerability associated with the various plastic leakage factors to the environment. To achieve this aim, data on different thematic variables which include plastic waste density, slope, land-use, drainage density and distance to drainage network of the study area were modelled, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to delineate the variables in order to obtain final risk map for the study area. The result of the study indicates that a total area very high risk is 1840.03 km2, this constitutes about 40.11% of the study area. Local Governments Areas (LGA) located in the southern part of the study area is more susceptible to plastic waste leakage, this could be linked to factors like high dense population and increasing rate of urbanization in the region. It is recommended that waste collection should be frequent, strategic and higher priority should be attached to the high risked area from this study. Anambra State Government also needs to work together with plastic recycling companies, for effective collection of plastic wastes in the areas classified as hotspots in plastic litter accumulation as one of the mitigation measures.

scholarly journals The United Nations Basel Convention’s Global Plastic Waste Partnership: History, Evolution and Progress

2021 ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
Susan Wingfield ◽  
Melisa Lim
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Environmental Treaty ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Sound Management

AbstractThe pollution of our marine and terrestrial environment by plastic waste is one of the most pressing global environmental challenges faced today. Developing a circular plastic economy and limiting plastic pollution requires multilevel actions from different stakeholders including oil and petrochemical producers, plastic manufacturers, consumer goods companies, retailers, consumers, waste managers, waste management authorities, plastic recyclers and others. As well as cleaning up the enormous quantities of plastic waste already in our oceans and lakes, there is an urgent need to strengthen countries’ capacities to prevent, minimize and properly manage this waste. The Basel Convention, the most comprehensive global environmental treaty dealing with hazardous and other wastes, offers an important part of the solution. In addition to its provisions aimed at controlling the exports and imports of hazardous wastes and other wastes generated from households and ensuring their environmentally sound management, the Convention also seeks to tackle the problem at its source through prevention and minimization. With the addition of an amendment to the Convention specifically tackling plastic waste, and the establishment of a Plastic Waste Partnership, the Convention is positioned at the forefront in the fight against plastic pollution.

scholarly journals Microplastics in Landfills: A Comprehensive Review on Occurrence, Characteristics and Pathways to the Aquatic Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitij Upadhyay ◽  
Samir Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Microplastics, a multi-dimensional environmental stressor group, capable of transboundary migration, are a threat to the global ecosystem. Transboundary migration of microplastics across all environmental matrices is known to originate from a multitude of sources and acts in conjugation with each other. This inter-dependence of sources calls for a detailed scientific analysis of all the sources that are in play. Waste management facilities have already been established as a significant contributor of microplastics to the aquatic and terrestrial environment. A systematic overview of the scientific literature reveals that the existing body of scientific knowledge is mainly focused on wastewater treatment facilities as a source/pathway of microplastics in the environment. Recently the focus shifted towards solid waste management facilities through landfills. Poor plastic waste management practices made discarded plastics the most dominant component of solid wastes. This review elucidates the occurrence and distribution of microplastics, characteristics of microplastics, including size, shapes, colors, and polymer types, in leachate and refuse of landfills. Furthermore, we discussed the transport mechanisms and pathways used by microplastic present in landfills to migrate to subsurface or groundwater and adjacent aquatic bodies. Last, based on the findings, we summarized the gaps in existing studies and suggested future perspectives to be focused on the future. The abundance of microplastics is attributed to the volume of plastic waste in landfills, management of leachate originating from landfills, application of leachate, and age of landfills. Microplastics abundance and characteristics vary in leachate and refuse. Smaller microplastics are predominant in leachate while larger microplastics are predominant in refuse. Landfills are capable of generating secondary microplastics from fragmentation and degradation. Further studies on microplastics in landfills are necessa

Study on Wheat Gluten Biopolymer: a Novel Way to Eradicate Plastic Waste

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
Neha Patni ◽  
◽  
Pujita Yadava ◽  
Anisha Agarwal ◽  
Vyoma Maroo
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Plastic Waste

Niobium Oxide as Catalyst for the Pyrolysis of Polypropylene and Polyethylene Plastic Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Almeida ◽  
◽  
Maria de Fatima Marques ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Niobium Oxide ◽  
Plastic Waste

In the present work, the pyrolysis of polypropylene and polyethylene was evaluated with and without the addition of niobium oxide as catalyst by means of thermogravimetric analysis and experiments in a glass reactor. The results revealed that niobium oxide performed well in the pyrolysis of both polypropylene and polyethylene separately. For the mixture of polypropylene with polyethylene, the catalyst reduced the pyrolysis time.

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