Design of latent heat energy storage systems using phase change materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 331-357
Author(s):  
Dominic Groulx ◽  
Albert Castell ◽  
Cristian Solé
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Systems

scholarly journals Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials in Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Systems: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3821
Author(s):  
Kassianne Tofani ◽  
Saeed Tiari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) are useful for solar energy storage and many other applications, but there is an issue with phase change materials (PCMs) having low thermal conductivity. This can be enhanced with fins, metal foam, heat pipes, multiple PCMs, and nanoparticles (NPs). This paper reviews nano-enhanced PCM (NePCM) alone and with additional enhancements. Low, middle, and high temperature PCM are classified, and the achievements and limitations of works are assessed. The review is categorized based upon enhancements: solely NPs, NPs and fins, NPs and heat pipes, NPs with highly conductive porous materials, NPs and multiple PCMs, and nano-encapsulated PCMs. Both experimental and numerical methods are considered, focusing on how well NPs enhanced the system. Generally, NPs have been proven to enhance PCM, with some types more effective than others. Middle and high temperatures are lacking compared to low temperature, as well as combined enhancement studies. Al2O3, copper, and carbon are some of the most studied NP materials, and paraffin PCM is the most common by far. Some studies found NPs to be insignificant in comparison to other enhancements, but many others found them to be beneficial. This article also suggests future work for NePCM and LHTES systems.

scholarly journals The Impact of Heat Exchangers’ Constructions on the Melting and Solidification Time of Phase Change Materials

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Ewelina Radomska ◽  
Lukasz Mika ◽  
Karol Sztekler ◽  
Lukasz Lis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Systems

An application of latent heat thermal energy storage systems with phase change materials seems to be unavoidable in the present world. The latent heat thermal energy storage systems allow for storing excessive heat during low demand and then releasing it during peak demand. However, a phase change material is only one of the components of a latent heat thermal energy storage system. The second part of the latent heat thermal energy storage is a heat exchanger that allows heat transfer between a heat transfer fluid and a phase change material. Thus, the main aim of this review paper is to present and systematize knowledge about the heat exchangers used in the latent heat thermal energy storage systems. Furthermore, the operating parameters influencing the phase change time of phase change materials in the heat exchangers, and the possibilities of accelerating the phase change are discussed. Based on the literature reviewed, it is found that the phase change time of phase change materials in the heat exchangers can be reduced by changing the geometrical parameters of heat exchangers or by using fins, metal foams, heat pipes, and multiple phase change materials. To decrease the phase change material’s phase change time in the tubular heat exchangers it is recommended to increase the number of tubes keeping the phase change material’s mass constant. In the case of tanks filled with spherical phase change material’s capsules, the capsules’ diameter should be reduced to shorten the phase change time. However, it is found that some changes in the constructions of heat exchangers reduce the melting time of the phase change materials, but they increase the solidification time.

Experimental Study of Cylindrical Latent Heat Energy Storage Systems Using Lauric Acid as the Phase Change Material

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Robynne E. Murray ◽  
Dominic Groulx
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Water Flows

Phase change materials (PCMs) inside latent heat energy storage systems (LHESS) can be used to store large amounts of thermal energy in relatively small volumes. However, such systems are complicated to design from a heat transfer point of view since the low thermal conductivity of PCMs makes charging and discharging those systems challenging on a usable time scale. Results of experiments performed on both a vertical and a horizontal cylindrical LHESS, during charging, discharging and simultaneous charging/discharging, are presented in this paper. Both LHESS are made of acrylic plastic, the horizontal LHESS has one 1/2″ copper pipe passing through its center. The vertical LHESS has two 1/2″ copper pipes, one through which hot water flows, and the other through which cold water flows. Each of the pipes has four longitudinal fins to enhance the overall rate of heat transfer to and from the PCM, therefore reducing the time required for charging and discharging. The objective of this work is to determine the phase change behavior of the PCM during the operation of the LHESS, as well as the heat transfer processes within the LHESS. Natural convection was found to play a crucial role during charging (melting) and during simultaneous charging/discharging (in the vertical LHESS). However, during discharging, the effect of natural convection was reduced in both systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of heat and mass transfer mechanism during thermal energy storage and temperature regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5 Part B) ◽  
pp. 3185-3193
Author(s):  
Sina Dang ◽  
Hongjun Xue ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Chengwen Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Temperature Environment

To strengthen the heat and mass transfer capacity and improve the temperature regulation rate, potential storage is taken as the research object in this research to study the heat energy storage of the battery in the low temperature environment. Lattice Boltzmann method is adopted to study the heat energy storage influence mechanism of the temperature regulation system of the low temperature phase-change materials. In addition, the influence of different physical parameters (thermal conductivity and latent heat of phase change) on the thermal insulation of the system in the process of temperature control is revealed. The results show that the mechanism of heat and mass transfer in the process of heat storage and temperature control is related to the different physical properties of phase change materials. The decrease of thermal conductivity and the increase of latent heat of phase change materials will greatly increase the effect of heat energy storage. Therefore, under the action of phase change latent heat, phase change material can effectively extend the holding time of the battery in the low temperature environment.

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