Variation in Nuclear and Individual Chromosomal DNA Content and its Role in Evolution of Plants† †Contribution from the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Japan, No. 72.

AbstractMorphometric measurements of nuclei may be of prognostic value in some cancers. In this present study we have evaluated the mean nuclear area (MNA) of 50 squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (SCCOC) using computerized image analysis. Since chromosomal DNA content is a reflection of the DNA content in the nucleus, we have evaluated the relationship between MNA and chromosomal DNA. Thirteen tumours had a MNA greater than 49.9 μm2 and 37 had a MNA less than this. Six tumours were classified as hypodiploid, 29 as diploid and 15 as aneuploid. There were 44 node-negative patients and six node-positive. When comparing MNA in these groups, 50 per cent of node-positive patients had a larger MNA whilst only 20 per cent of the node-negative group had a large MNA. The correlation coefficient between MNA and DNA indices was r = 0.75. The greater nuclear size is possibly a reflection of a more aggressive tumour biology in the node-positive patients. We conclude that a large MNA may be a marker of aggressive tumour biology in this group. In the future, we aim to evaluate the prognostic significance of MNA in patients with SCCOC.

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Chromosomal DNA content of sweet pepper determined by association of cytogenetic and cytometric tools

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-008-0539-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 1227-1233 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Isabella Santiago de Abreu ◽

Carlos Roberto Carvalho ◽

Wellington Ronildo Clarindo

Keyword(s):

Dna Content ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Chromosomal Dna Content

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Bivariate flow karyotyping of human chromosomes: Evaluation of variation in Hoechst 33258 fluorescence, chromomycin A3 fluorescence, and relative chromosomal DNA content

Cytometry ◽

10.1002/cyto.990120613 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 559-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gert A. Boschman ◽

Wim Rens ◽

Carel H. van Oven ◽

Erik M. M. Manders ◽

Jacob A. Aten

Keyword(s):

Dna Content ◽

Human Chromosomes ◽

Hoechst 33258 ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Chromomycin A3 ◽

Chromosomal Dna Content

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An improved, non-isotopic method of screening cells from patients with abnormalities of sexual differentiation for Y chromosomal DNA content.

Journal of Medical Genetics ◽

10.1136/jmg.30.4.304 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 304-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M Witt ◽

K Michalczak ◽

A Latos-Bielenska ◽

J Jaruzelska ◽

I Kuczora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Content ◽

Sexual Differentiation ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Isotopic Method ◽

Chromosomal Dna Content

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DECREASE IN CHROMOSOMAL DNA CONTENT AT HIGHER POLYPLOIDY LEVEL IN VICIA FABA ROOT MERISTEMS

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g73-100 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 863-865 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. C. Deka ◽

S. K. Sen

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Ploidy Level ◽

Dna Content ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Root Meristem ◽

Nuclear Dna Content ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Root Meristems ◽

Chromosomal Dna Content

The DNA content of the nucleus is expected to increase proportionately with the increase of ploidy. Estimation of the DNA content of the endopolyploid root meristem nuclei of Vicia faba has been done through cytophotometry from 2n to 16n level. Observations indicate that a decline in nuclear DNA content takes place at higher ploidy level while the overall karyological integrity of the chromosomes and their number are apparently maintained as normal.

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Assessment of the cellular DNA content of whole mounted mouse and human oocytes and of blastomeres containing single or multiple nuclei

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199400001258 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 17-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nicola J. Winston ◽

Martin H. Johnson ◽

Peter R. Braude

Keyword(s):

Dna Content ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Nuclear Dna Content ◽

Structural Features ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Individual Values ◽

Mean Values ◽

Mouse Oocytes ◽

Cellular Dna

SummaryThe nuclear DNA content of intact, live or fixed, human and mouse oocytes and blastomeres has been measured rapidly and reliably. Chromosomal DNA has been stained with DAPI, the fluorescent emission from which has been measured photocytometrically.In vitrofertilised mouse oocytes and embryos at various stages of development were assessed for their DNA content. The mean values of 1C, 2C and 4C DNA content were clearly different, and it was possible to assign correctly individual values for DNA content to each class with 92%, 61% and 81% confidence respectively. Maintaining the cells as whole mounts allowed other morphological and structural features to be examined. When formation of multiple micronuclei was induced in mouse oocytes by their insemination in the presence of nocodazole, the additive signal from all the micronuclei in one zygote was equivalent to the expected DNA content. Application to early human blastomeres of this photocytometric technique for measurement of the total cellular DNA content revealed that multinucleated blastomeres contained 2C to 4C DNA levels, consistent with a diploid DNA content.

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B-chromosome and C-band heterochromatin variation in Arizona maize populations adapted to different altitudes

Genome ◽

10.1139/g90-097 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 659-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

H. L. Porter ◽

A. Lane Rayburn

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Dna Content ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Nuclear Dna Content ◽

B Chromosome ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Dna Amount ◽

Maize Populations ◽

Dna Content Variation ◽

Band Number

The B-chromosome and C-band numbers were determined in 12 Arizona Indian maize populations. These populations were originally collected from altitudes ranging from 100 to 5300 ft (1 ft = 0.3048 m). In addition, the total nuclear DNA amounts of these populations have been observed to vary by as much as 20%. The number of B-chromosomes was not significantly correlated with altitude, C-band number, or nuclear DNA amount. C-band number was significantly correlated with both altitude and genome size. It does not appear that the amount of C-band variation can account for the large nuclear DNA variation observed in these accessions. Additional A-chromosomal DNA sequences may be involved in the nuclear DNA content variation that exists among these accessions.Key words: heterochromatin, DNA content, evolution, repeated DNA.

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Associated chromosomal DNA changes in polyploids

Genome ◽

10.1139/g94-080 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 560-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

S. N. Raina ◽

A. Parida ◽

K. K. Koul ◽

S. S. Salimath ◽

M. S. Bisht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Dna Content ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Seed Set ◽

Diploid Species ◽

Expected Value ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Seed Fertility ◽

Dna Loss ◽

Dna Amounts

The 2C and 4C nuclear DNA amounts were estimated in eight diploid species, belonging to three diverse genera (Vicia, Tephrosia, and Phlox) and their corresponding colchitetraploids. In P. drummondii, T. purpurea, and T. oxygona tetraploids the deviation from the expectation was highly significant. The DNA in P. drummondii was further discarded in subsequent (C1, C2) generations, thus attaining an overall reduction of about 25%. The DNA content in the subsequent generations was the same as that of C2. It is concluded that rapid DNA loss in the first and subsequent generations was not only associated with the substantial increase (30–66%) in the seed set, but it also helped in the establishment and stabilization of the tetraploid. The possible relationship between such a nucleotypic change and success of polyploids is discussed. The DNA change from the expected value in the P. drummondii tetraploid was achieved by equal decrement to each chromosome independent of size, i.e., small chromosomes loose the same amount of DNA as the large chromosomes.Key words: colchitetraploid, genome size, DNA loss, seed fertility, stability, DNA distribution.

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