The chiller’s electricity consumption simulation by considering the demand response program in power system

Demand response (DR) programs encourage consumers to adapt the time of using electricity based on certain factors, such as cost of electricity, renewable energy availability, and ancillary request. It is one of the most economical methods to improve power system stability and energy efficiency. Residential electricity consumption occupies approximately one-third of global electricity usage and has great potential in DR applications. In this study, we propose a multi-agent optimization approach to incorporate residential DR flexibility into the power system and electricity market. The agents collectively optimize their own interests; meanwhile, the global optimal solution is achieved. The agent perceives its environment, predicts electricity consumption, and forecasts electricity price, based on which it takes intelligent actions to minimize electrical energy cost and time delay of using household appliances. The decision-making action is formulated into a convex program (CP) model. A distributed heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the proposed multi-agent optimization model. Case studies and numerical analysis show promising results with low variation of the aggregated load profile and reduction of electrical energy cost. The proposed approaches can be utilized to investigate various emerging technologies and DR strategies.

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Incentive based Demand Response Program for Power System Flexibility Enhancement

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ◽

10.1109/tsg.2020.3042847 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Baraa Mohandes ◽

Mohamed S. El Moursi ◽

Nikos Hatziargyriou ◽

Sameh El Khatib

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Demand Response ◽

Demand Response Program ◽

Power System Flexibility

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The effect of time-based demand response program on LDC and reliability of power system

2013 21st Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE) ◽

10.1109/iraniancee.2013.6599801 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mahdi Samadi ◽

Mohammad Hossein Javidi ◽

Mohammad Sadegh Ghazizadeh

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Demand Response ◽

Demand Response Program

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An enhanced operation model for energy storage system of a typical combined cool, heat and power based on demand response program: The application of mixed integer linear programming

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/0143624418792475 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 47-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Amirhossein Eshraghi ◽

Gholamreza Salehi ◽

Seyedmohammadreza Heibati ◽

Kamran Lari

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Power System ◽

Demand Response ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Storage System ◽

Residential Building ◽

Mixed Integer ◽

Demand Response Program ◽

Micro Grid ◽

The Cost

A model for operating an energy hub-based multiple energy generation micro-grid is optimized using the demand response program. The optimized objective model is validated against energy demand of a residential building in Tehran, Iran. The mathematical model and optimal analysis of the proposed tri-generation micro-grid are implemented by using a real-world modelling and considering the constraints of the storage system, demand response program and the performance of the devices and the power and gas grids. The dynamic optimal operation model is prepared on the basis of the mixed integer linear programming on the subsequent day and is solved to minimize the costs of energy supply. To demonstrate the improvements, different scenarios are developed so that the renewable energy resources and storages are fed into the combined cool, heat and power system gradually. The results reveal that the inclusion of each element results in a significant improvement in the operational parameters of the micro energy grid. Scenario 1 includes a combined cool, heat and power system alone, Scenario 2 is supplemented with renewable wind and solar energy resources in addition to combined cool, heat and power system and Scenario 3 includes electrical, heat and cold storages in addition to combined cool, heat and power system and renewable energy sources. Scenario 4 is similar to Scenario 3 in terms of equipment, but the only difference lies in the use of the demand response program in the former. Total operational cost is 12.7% lower in Scenario 2 than in Scenario 1, 9.2% lower in Scenario 3 than in Scenario 2 and 8.6% lower in Scenario 4 than in Scenario 3. Practical application: An optimized operation method is prepared for combined cool, heat and power systems running in different operation modes in which renewable energy sources and storages are added to the combined cool, heat and power and the demand response program is applied. The results reveal that the cost of energy supply, including the cost of electricity, gas and pollutant emissions, is reduced and the qualitative parameters of the operation, including efficiency and reliability of building micro-grid, are increased. The proposed algorithm and the evaluation method will enable building operators to plan demand response activity on the residential building in Tehran, while this can be extended to other buildings too.

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Nudging down household electricity usage during peak hours with small monetary rewards

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1177/0958305x211025689 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0958305X2110256

Author(s):

Miyoung Lee ◽

Daehwan Kim

Keyword(s):

Demand Response ◽

Financial Incentive ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Long Span ◽

Monetary Rewards ◽

Repeated Calls ◽

Demand Response Program ◽

Reduce Electricity Consumption ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Two recent studies highlight the potential of a demand response (DR) program as a tool to manage peak-hour electricity consumption by households. Households in these studies respond to the offer of financial rewards or an appeal to the sense of civic duty and significantly reduce electricity consumption during declared peak hours. Due to the small number of peak events included in these studies, however, a question remains whether households will continue to respond to repeated calls to action over a long span of time. We analyze a demand response program of Gangwon Province, South Korea, called “Electricity Piggy Bank” where the incentive offered was in the form of small monetary reward together with an appeal to social consciousness. The program tracked the electricity usage of about 2,000 households over one-year period during which peak events were declared once a week. We find significant reduction in electricity usage during declared peak hours and, more importantly, no decay of effects over time. The magnitude of electricity savings during peak hours is no less than the one reported for the previous financial-incentive-based DR, suggesting that offering small monetary rewards together with pro-social stimuli can be a viable alternative to a financial-reward-oriented scheme.

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Demand Response Programs Management in an Energy Community with Diversity of Appliances

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123900023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 239 ◽

pp. 00023

Author(s):

Rúben Barreto ◽

Pedro Faria ◽

Zita Vale

Keyword(s):

Demand Response ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Demand Response Program ◽

Energy Community ◽

Demand Response Programs ◽

The Given ◽

Peak Set

This paper shows the behaviour of a Demand Response program designed to be implemented in Energy Communities, where they take advantage of photovoltaic production. The primary objective is to manage both photovoltaic overproduction and village consumption efficiently. The DR program focuses on looking for consecutive periods that exceed a target peak set by the aggregator after analysing the consumption of the given energy community. The case study includes three villages, where participants are expected to be members of a community. The results are that participants will see a reduction in costs and electricity consumption.

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