Effects of Annular Size, Transmitral Pressure, and Mitral Flow Rate on the Edge-To-Edge Repair: An In Vitro Study

The roller pump is the most common pumping device used in extracorporeal circulation (ECC). The interaction between the roller and tubing causes tubing spallation. Spallation has been associated with complications in ECC. Previous spallation studies present mixed results, including a decrease in the number of circulating particles. The objective of this work is to perform an in vitro study of tubing spallation which elucidates the causes of the particle sequestration, and the effect of tubing material, blood flow rate and duration of the procedure upon spallation. A sampling method minimizing background counts was devised. Silicone and PVC tubing were tested under normal and tight occlusion pressure at typical cardiopulmonary bypass and hemodialysis flow rates, for circulating times up to 4 h. Occlusion pressure and flow rate highly influenced the amount of spallation produced. Particle sequestration was noted and aggregation of the plastic particles was demonstrated. We conclude that, at least in vitro, aggregation causes the decrease in the particle counts and the misleading results obtained in most spallation studies using a Coulter counter.

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The impact on drug mass flow rate during multi-infusion therapy: an in vitro study on a new multi-lumen infusion device

European Journal of Anaesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00003643-201306001-00454 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 145-146

Author(s):

A. Foinard ◽

B. Décaudin ◽

C. Barthélémy ◽

B. Debaene ◽

P. Odou

Keyword(s):

Mass Flow Rate ◽

Mass Flow ◽

Flow Rate ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Infusion Therapy ◽

Infusion Device ◽

The Impact

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Nebulizers and spacers for aerosol delivery through adult nasal cannula at low oxygen flow rate: An in-vitro study

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.jddst.2017.04.014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 260-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yasmin M. Madney ◽

Maha Fathy ◽

Ahmed A. Elberry ◽

Hoda Rabea ◽

Mohamed E.A. Abdelrahim

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Oxygen Flow Rate ◽

Nasal Cannula ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Oxygen Flow ◽

Aerosol Delivery ◽

Low Oxygen

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Relevance Of Plasma alpha 2 Antiplasmin Measurement For Monitoring The Occurrence Of A Thrombolytic State During Urokinase Therapy. An In-Vitro Study

10.1055/s-0038-1653165 ◽

1981 ◽

Author(s):

V Musumeci ◽

B Zappacosta

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Whole Blood ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Peristaltic Pump ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

Chamber Volume ◽

Perfusion Chamber ◽

Glass Tubes

The aim of the present study was the search of changes in laboratory parameters which can be reliably correlated to the development of an effective thrombolytic state during urokinase therapy. Artificial radiolabelled venous thrombi were prepared by leaving native blood (0.1 ml) to clot in glass tubes for 2 hours in presence of 1-2 μCi of 125I fibrinogen (Sorin Saluggia, Italy). The labelled clots were introduced into a perfusion chamber (volume 0.2 ml) provided with a plastic retention screen and placed in the focus of the detector of a Pitman Ratemeter model 235 N connected to a recorder. The perfusion chamber was connected in a close circuit through a peristaltic pump to a reservoir containing citrated whole blood (15 ml) maintained at 37°C under continuous stirring. Blood was pumped through the chamber at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Urokinase was introduced in increasing amounts in the reservoir during a period of 5 hours and at various intervals aliquots of blood (0.3 ml) were drawn and assayed after centrifugation for plasminogen, alpha 2 antiplasmin and fibrinogen. Alpha 2 antiplasmin was assayed by using Coatest Antiplasmin from Ortho Diagnostics. Plasminogen was assayed after SK activation by using the substrate S 2251 from Ortho Diagnostics. Results showed that an effective thrombolytic states, as detected by a decrease of clot radioactivity, appeared when alpha 2 antiplasmin concentration fell at levels below 40%. The alpha 2 antiplasmin measurement could be useful for monitoring the thrombolytic effectiveness of non-standard low or moderate dosages of urokinase therapy.

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