Year-round aerosol characteristics and radiative effects in the South Asian pollution outflow over a background site in the Maldives

2020 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 117813
Author(s):  
S. Ramachandran ◽  
Maheswar Rupakheti
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
The South ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Background Site

scholarly journals Climate impact of volcanic eruptions: the sensitivity to eruption season and latitude in MPI-ESM ensemble experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Zhuo ◽  
Ingo Kirchner ◽  
Stephan Pfahl ◽  
Ulrich Cubasch
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
South Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
The South ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Volcanic Aerosols ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Explosive volcanic eruptions influence near-surface temperature and precipitation especially in the monsoon regions, but the impact varies with different eruption seasons and latitudes. To study this variability, two groups of ensemble simulations are performed with volcanic eruptions in June and December at 0° representing an equatorial eruption (EQ) and at 30° N and 30° S representing northern and southern hemisphere eruptions (NH and SH). Results show significant cooling especially in areas with enhanced volcanic aerosol content. Stronger cooling emerges in the northern (southern) hemisphere after the NH (SH) eruption compared to the EQ eruption. Stronger precipitation variations occur in the tropics than in the high latitudes. Summer and winter eruptions lead to similar climate impacts. The NH and the SH eruptions have reversed climate impacts, especially in the South Asian monsoon regions. After the NH (SH) eruption, direct radiative effects of volcanic aerosols induce changes in the interhemispheric and land-sea thermal contrasts, which move the intertropical convergence zone southward (northward) and weaken (strengthen) the South Asian summer monsoon. This reduces (increases) the moisture transport from the ocean to India, and reduces (enhances) cloud formation. The subsequent radiative feedbacks due to regional cloud cover lead to warming (cooling) in India. This emphasis the sensitivity of regional climate impacts of volcanic eruptions to eruption latitude, which relates to the dynamical response of the climate system to radiative effects of volcanic aerosols and the subsequent regional physical feedbacks.

scholarly journals Quantifying snow darkening and atmospheric radiative effects of black carbon and dust on the South Asian monsoon and hydrological cycle: experiments using variable-resolution CESM

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 12025-12049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Rahimi ◽  
Xiaohong Liu ◽  
Chenglai Wu ◽  
William K. Lau ◽  
Hunter Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
South Asian Monsoon ◽  
The South ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Variable Resolution ◽  
Runoff Changes ◽  
Absorbing Aerosols

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) and dust impart significant effects on the South Asian monsoon (SAM), which is responsible for ∼80  % of the region's annual precipitation. This study implements a variable-resolution (VR) version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to quantify two radiative effects of absorbing BC and dust on the SAM. Specifically, this study focuses on the snow darkening effect (SDE), as well as how these aerosols interact with incoming and outgoing radiation to facilitate an atmospheric response (i.e., aerosol–radiation interactions, ARIs). By running sensitivity experiments, the individual effects of SDE and ARI are quantified, and a theoretical framework is applied to assess these aerosols' impacts on the SAM. It is found that ARIs of absorbing aerosols warm the atmospheric column in a belt coincident with the May–June averaged location of the subtropical jet, bringing forth anomalous upper-tropospheric (lower-tropospheric) anticyclogenesis (cyclogenesis) and divergence (convergence). This anomalous arrangement in the mass fields brings forth enhanced rising vertical motion across South Asia and a stronger westerly low-level jet, the latter of which furnishes the Indian subcontinent with enhanced Arabian Gulf moisture. Precipitation increases of 2 mm d−1 or more (a 60 % increase in June) result across much of northern India from May through August, with larger anomalies (+5 to +10 mm d−1) in the western Indian mountains and southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) mountain ranges due to orographic and anabatic enhancement. Across the Tibetan Plateau foothills, SDE by BC aerosols drives large precipitation anomalies of > 6 mm d−1 (a 21 %–26 % increase in May and June), comparable to ARI of absorbing aerosols from April through August. Runoff changes accompany BC SDE-induced snow changes across Tibet, while runoff changes across India result predominantly from dust ARI. Finally, there are large differences in the simulated SDE between the VR and traditional 1∘ simulations, the latter of which simulates a much stronger SDE and more effectively modifies the regional circulation.

Labels, Histories, Politics: Indian/South Asian Dance on the Global Stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVANTHI MEDURI
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The South ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Indian Nation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Uk

In this paper, I discuss issues revolving around history, historiography, alterity, difference and otherness concealed in the doubled Indian/South Asian label used to describe Indian/South Asian dance genres in the UK. The paper traces the historical genealogy of the South Asian label to US, Indian and British contexts and describes how the South Asian enunciation fed into Indian nation-state historiography and politics in the 1950s. I conclude by describing how Akademi: South Asian Dance, a leading London based arts organisation, explored the ambivalence in the doubled Indian/South Asian label by renaming itself in 1997, and forging new local/global networks of communication and artistic exchange between Indian and British based dancers and choreographers at the turn of the twenty-first century.

Heritage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaikh ◽  
Stefano Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The South ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Community Heritage ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Way

The Colourful Heritage Project (CHP) is the first community heritage focused charitable initiative in Scotland aiming to preserve and to celebrate the contributions of early South Asian and Muslim migrants to Scotland. It has successfully collated a considerable number of oral stories to create an online video archive, providing first-hand accounts of the personal journeys and emotions of the arrival of the earliest generation of these migrants in Scotland and highlighting the inspiring lessons that can be learnt from them. The CHP’s aims are first to capture these stories, second to celebrate the community’s achievements, and third to inspire present and future South Asian, Muslim and Scottish generations. It is a community-led charitable project that has been actively documenting a collection of inspirational stories and personal accounts, uniquely told by the protagonists themselves, describing at first hand their stories and adventures. These range all the way from the time of partition itself to resettling in Pakistan, and then to their final accounts of arriving in Scotland. The video footage enables the public to see their facial expressions, feel their emotions and hear their voices, creating poignant memories of these great men and women, and helping to gain a better understanding of the South Asian and Muslim community’s earliest days in Scotland.

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